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Although there are numerous technical-scientific books on breast cancer in the global bibliography, such books deal exclusively with the nature of the disease in majority populations of the Western societies, with little or no reference to the nature of the disease in the minority populations in such societies. Similarly, the nature of breast cancer in black women of the less privileged societies, and in women of ethnic groups living in countries of similar socio-economic status, is virtually unknown. For various epidemiological reasons, breast cancer incidence is rapidly increasing in these counties, more so than currently is the case in developed countries. Thus, the global burden of cancer is shifting gradually to these areas of the world, and may equal or even surpass the breast cancer burden in the Western societies within the foreseeable future. This book is unique because it bucks the trend of virtually all other breast cancer books by addressing specifically the breast cancer experience of women of African descent and their lifestyle counterparts in other societies of the world.
Resistance to therapies, both targeted and systemic, and metastases to distant organs are the underlying causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The second edition of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance brings together some of the leading experts to comprehensively understand breast cancer: the factors that make it lethal, and current research and clinical progress. This volume covers the following core topics: basic understanding of breast cancer (statistics, epidemiology, racial disparity and heterogeneity), metastasis and drug resistance (bone metastasis, trastuzumab resistance, tamoxifen resistance and novel therapeutic targets, including non-coding RNAs, inflammatory cytokines, cancer stem cells, ubiquitin ligases, tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways such as TRAIL, JAK-STAT and mTOR) and recent developments in the field (epigenetic regulation, microRNAs-mediated regulation, novel therapies and the clinically relevant 3D models). Experts also discuss the advances in laboratory research along with their translational and clinical implications with an overarching goal to improve the diagnosis and prognosis, particularly that of breast cancer patients with advanced disease.
Three interrelated studies were conducted among urban African American women offered free genetic counseling and testing. Cross- sectional and longitudinal studies examined factors influencing interest in and readiness to undergo genetic testing, whether genetic counseling increased knowledge, and the psychosocial impact of DNA testing. 223 women signed the consent form for the study. Important observations resulting from this study that will impact on genetic counseling of women of African ancestry are: 1) The limited uptake of testing in this study despite continued educational interventions, including production of a study-specific videotape, support the importance of continuing to a) refine outreach and intervention efforts in order to increase awareness of BRCA counseling and testing among African American women and b) demonstrate sensitivity to concerns about stigmatization and family-related guilt that were noted in the first phase of the study. 2) Ethnicity and general distress remained more highly predictive of uptake of genetic testing than did education, supporting the importance of culturally specific beliefs and attitudes. 3) Finally, the outcome of genetic testing provided to those of African ancestry qualitatively approximated those of other ethnic groups, however, the greater incidence of missense variants of unknown origin in African Americans (first noted in this study) constitute a special challenge in counseling.
6x9/BlackLined/White/120pages A Journal for you to write down your heart's contents, to take notes, practice your creative writing, write down your to-do-lists or simply enjoy journaling.
This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio. Latinos – the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States – are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress. The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices, community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos. Topics included among the chapters: Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research Emerging policies in U.S. health care Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.
Breast cancer mortality in higher among West African and African American women than it is among caucasian women in the United States, but the reasons for theses difference are not known. To devise effective methods for preventing breast cancer, we must understand which factors alone or in combination raise the risk of triggering a tumor, and which factors protect against the disease. Specific goals for the proposed research are to: (I) identify and validate the risk factors that can be modified to reduce breast cancer risk, and (2) achieve a better understanding of how various genetic and environmental factors interact to affect the risk of breast cancer. To reach these goals, we need a multidisciplinary training program and greater collaboration among investigators from diverse disciplines and institutions. The goal of the current proposal is to obtain the necessary training needed to create an atmosphere at the Cancer Center at Howard University as a leading breast cancer training institute it is also critical that multidisciplinary training take place so that individuals can participate effectively in multi-investigator collaborations that bring basic research discoveries to the bedside. Breast cancer research is increasingly becoming a multidisciplinary endeavor that requires a strong training program and better communication among investigators. Appropriate animal models and models of human mammary cell and organ culture are urgently needed to accelerate progress in breast cancer research. This realm of research will require resources for necessary training, the development of animal models, technology development and access, and collaboration between Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Howard Cancer Center in diverse disciplines. Workshops in animal handling techniques by Division of Veterinary Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research will be provided for Howard investigators.
Breast cancer is reaching epidemic levels, especially among black women. This survival guide provides tools that women—black women in particular—can use to identify and combat this all-too-common threat. This "what you need to know" guide is unique in its common sense, "laywoman's" approach and particular relevance to women of color. Its premise is simple: ignorance and lack of education about breast cancer signs and symptoms are still all too prevalent among black women. Many women are not informed about resources available for early detection screening and are not referred for mammography screening. They may also receive significantly delayed treatment—especially black women. For those reasons and more, black women with or at risk for breast cancer need an advocate who speaks for them and tells them the truth. They have that advocate in Cheryl Holloway, PhD—and in this book. A breast cancer survivor and cancer researcher, Dr. Holloway draws on her personal experience and research to offer something far different than the usual medical/oncological works. Her book provides support, current information, and practical advice for confronting and beating the disease. The book is divided into four parts. "Dealing with the Basics" explains how breast cancer hits black women harder and discusses the types of breast cancer they may develop, with an emphasis on the most dangerous. The second section offers practical information, such as how screenings work and the meaning of various breast cancer tests. Part three describes treatments, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, combined therapy, and other options. The final section describes how to stay vigilant after the cancer is gone and also discusses other forms of cancer for which black women are at risk, such as lung cancer, colon cancer, and cervical cancer.
Health Communication and Breast Cancer among Black Women: Culture, Identity, Spirituality, and Strength addresses how the discourse of strength constructs the identity of Black women even during times of chronic illness through the lens of Black feminist thought and womanist ideology. In doing so, Madlock Gatison explores how the narratives surrounding pink ribbon awareness and survivorship culture, religion and spirituality, and the myth of the strong Black woman impact Black female breast cancer survivors’ self-perceptions, views others had of them, and their ability to express their needs and concerns including those involving their healthcare. This book will be of interest to scholars of public health, health communication, and sociology.