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International trade in 2009 is projected to contract for the first time since 1982. As a result, export diversifi cation has gained new urgency as one way of using exports to recover lost growth momentum. Moreover, diversifi cation is central to reducing income volatility and sustaining high growth rates, which are especially important for countries with large populations living in poverty. In the 1950s, countries became concerned that their dependence on primary products would lead to steady falls in the purchasing power of primary exports and thus slow growth. A major policy objective of developing countries since that time has been to diversify out of primary products into manufactures. Although some nations have been at least partially successful, many low-income countries remain dependent on a narrow range of primary products. 'Breaking Into New Markets' argues for a comprehensive view of diversifi cation. It explores new thinking and evidence about export diversifi cation and elaborates on policies for its promotion. These policies span tariffs and taxes, services, and government activities to help fi rms take advantage of global opportunities. The book is a compilation of chapters written as short, policy-focused pieces. Many digest longer, more academic papers in an effort to make the information accessible to a larger policy and nontechnical audience. In that sense, the book is a policy primer on what export diversifi cation can and cannot do for growth and how to make diversifi cation happen. Intelligently designed policies that effi ciently address the obstacles to export growth are critical for overall economic growth and poverty reduction. This book offers insights useful to policy makers and practitioners as they embark on efforts to design new programs of competitiveness in their trade strategies.
Wow your customers . . . with "less." Cut costs-it's a common corporate refrain. But if you constantly slash expenditures, what happens to innovation? How can you stay competitive and satisfy customers? Costovation solves the dilemma of how to spend less and innovate more. The book's revolutionary approach broadens the definition of innovation beyond products to the business model itself. With costovation, you let go of assumptions, take a fresh look at the market, and relentlessly focus on what customers really want. Consider Planet Fitness-it grew to 7.3 million members by concentrating on casual exercisers. Those folks don't care about frills. They want easy, low-cost access to good equipment. Although it's inexpensive to run, Planet Fitness ranks highest in gym satisfaction. Gourmet grocer, Picard, sells only frozen food. With less perishable inventory, they compress costs while delighting a discerning but busy clientele. Packed with examples and interactive exercises, the book explores cost innovation strategies that work for big and small companies alike. From open innovation and cost-sharing to simplifying products and turning waste into new offerings-readers learn how rivals are carving out niches, protecting positions, and dominating industries. Innovation and cost-cutting are not opposites. Combined, they expose untapped opportunities to outsmart and underspend competitors.
Written by the world's leading thinkers on brand strategy, this book looks at what Asian and emerging market brands need to do to succeed in international markets and the challenges they face when competing with western brands.
Learn how your business can tap into foreign markets In Export Now, two international business experts reveal the secrets to taking your company global. Offering a real-life strategy that businesses of any size can use to expand their reach around the world, this book is the ultimate guide to identifying, evaluating, and profiting from global opportunities. Essential reading for any company looking to expand abroad, the book explains the five essentials of international growth. All businesses know they need to get into new markets, but the lack of familiarity, the cultural and language gaps, and the differences in business practices can be intimidating—this book solves these problems, giving you everything you need to grow. The ultimate handbook for any business looking to go global Explains the five essentials of international expansion Written by two experts with years of experience building global businesses around the world Guiding you through the how to's of going global, Export Now is your one-stop resource for expanding your business overseas.
This paper assesses recent developments in gas markets and the implications for Algerian gas demand and prices. Algeria’s gas production is stable but its share in global gas production has been on a downward trend since the early 2000s. The impact of a change in the spot oil price (WTI) on gas prices can be statically examined with a vector autoregression (VAR). The impact of spot oil prices on Algeria’s contracted gas price remains strong, but export volumes are under pressure.
Launched and co-ordinated by the OECD, the International Collaborative Initiative on Trade and Employment (ICITE) is a two-year old joint undertaking of ten international organisations. This book brings together some of the results of ICITE's research.
The P3 Study Text covers the official syllabus thoroughly and comprehensively, and perhaps most importantly in a way that that has been approved by the Examiner. Material is presented in a user-friendly format. The syllabus emphasises the integrated nature of the subject and the Study Text highlights links between the various topics - essential for the exam.
The examining team reviewed P3 Study Text covers all the relevant ACCA P3 syllabus topics. It explores the theories behind the key areas of Business Analysis and demonstrates how these theories are put in to practice. Detailed examples throughout the text will help build your understanding and reinforce learning.
The author has been a renowned teacher in the eastern zone of India. He has earned great reputation as a teacher of English Grammar & Composition. He commands great respect & is held in high esteem as a English language teacher because of his clear & unambiguous instructions and information of different items of Grammar and ways of compostion have enabled his disciples not only to write correctly, but also to write nicely and ostentatiously. Even now when he is a retired teacher he remains surrounded by hosts of teachers as well as students who, as they are after and have great thirst for clear, easy & graspable instructions regarding different grammatical items, flock over to him to satisfy their mind. It has been they who pressed the author to bring into writing at least a synopsis of different chapters of English Grammar to the comprehensive extent of their usual need so that future generation may go on getting its benefits, because of its easy way to imparting the subject lucid style of impressing the learners and vivid imagery enabling them to get acquainted with all the concepts of English Grammar employing almost no effort or calling on no teacher for help.
This book provides an introduction to the concept of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial business management. It covers many elements of the entrepreneurial management discipline including choosing a business, organizing, financing, marketing, developing an offering that the market will value, and growing the business in all its dimensions.