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This paper develops a typology of welfare services and attempts to illustrate its use in clarifying discussions about the privatisation of welfare and in analysing changes in expenditure. A third dimension, which concerns the extent of the consumer's decision-making power and turns on the question of agency and exit, is added to the now familiar dimensions of provision and finance. This third dimension is found to have been increasingly important in policy terms, as attempts have been made to reduce the role of the 'pure public' sector. The assisted-places scheme, NHS glasses vouchers, and tax relief on pension contributions are all examples of policies which sought to promote consumer decision-making. However despite the policy interest in moving from public to private decision, the second half of the paper shows that the impact in terms of changes in patterns of welfare expenditure since 1979/80 has been small. The overall picture is one of continuing importance of the publicly provided, financed and decided sector, accounting for just over half of all welfare expenditure in 1979/80 and just under half in 1995/96.
Examines the interaction of public and private welfare, setting out the background to future policy options. The researchers explore the development of private welfare, users' attitudes toward public provision and the constraints on changing the boundaries between public and private sectors.
As the state withdraws from welfare provision, the mixed economy of welfare – involving private, voluntary and informal sectors – has become ever more important. This second edition of Powell’s acclaimed textbook on the subject brings together a wealth of respected contributors. New features of this revised edition include: • An updated perspective on the mixed economy of welfare (MEW) and social division of welfare (SDW) in the context of UK Coalition and Conservative governments • A conceptual framework that links the MEW and SDW with debates on topics of major current interest such as ‘Open Public Services’, ‘Big Society’, Any Qualified Provider’, Private Finance Initiative (PFI) and ‘Public Private Partnerships’ (PPP) Containing helpful features such as summaries, questions for discussion, further reading suggestions and electronic resources, this will be a valuable introductory resource for students of social policy, social welfare and social work at both undergraduate and postgraduate level.
Although state provision may have dominated in Britain since 1945, there is a movement towards welfare pluralism - a mixed economy of welfare - involving private, voluntary & informal sectors. This book sheds light on this area of social policy. It shows how the mixed economy of welfare links with important conceptual & policy debates.
Explains the need for public ownership and the welfare state in the face of increasing globalization.
Exploring the increasing involvement of the private sector in social policy, this collection examines the complex relationship between the public and private sectors from an international perspective, focusing on health and pension policies.
Same time, the glaring systemic deficiencies of extant welfare systems-and the psychological toll of welfare dependency--became increasingly apparent, even to welfare's supporters.
Across the world, welfare states are under challenge—or were never developed extensively in the first place—while non-state actors increasingly provide public goods and basic welfare. In many parts of the Middle East and South Asia, sectarian organizations and political parties supply basic services to ordinary people more extensively and effectively than governments. In sub-Saharan Africa, families struggle to pay hospital fees, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) launch welfare programs as states cut subsidies and social programs. Likewise, in parts of Latin America, international and domestic NGOs and, increasingly, private firms are key suppliers of social welfare in both urban and rural communities. Even in the United States, where the welfare state is far more developed, secular NGOs and faith-based organizations are critical components of social safety nets. Despite official entitlements to public welfare, citizens in Russia face increasing out-of-pocket expenses as they are effectively compelled to seek social services through the private market In The Politics of Non-State Social Welfare, a multidisciplinary group of contributors use survey data analysis, spatial analysis, in-depth interviews, and ethnographic and archival research to explore the fundamental transformation of the relationship between states and citizens. The book highlights the political consequences of the non-state provision of social welfare, including the ramifications for equitable and sustainable access to social services, accountability for citizens, and state capacity. The authors do not assume that non-state providers will surpass the performance of weak, inefficient, or sometimes corrupt states but instead offer a systematic analysis of a wide spectrum of non-state actors in a variety of contexts around the world, including sectarian political parties, faith-based organizations, community-based organizations, family networks, informal brokers, and private firms.