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Presenting the most up-to-date and authoritative reference on the risks and risk-prevention strategies of blood transfusions, Blood Safety and Surveillance compiles a breadth of information on the reactions, immunological complications, and potential for disease transmission related to blood transfusions in a broad context. Combines numerous
This volume explores the safety and availability of the nation's supply of blood and blood components. It discusses the risks of disease transmission, methods of guarding the blood supply, new ideas on safety and monitoring, risk tolerance, risk communication, and no-fault insurance.
During the early years of the AIDS epidemic, thousands of Americans became infected with HIV through the nation's blood supply. Because little reliable information existed at the time AIDS first began showing up in hemophiliacs and in others who had received transfusions, experts disagreed about whether blood and blood products could transmit the disease. During this period of great uncertainty, decision-making regarding the blood supply became increasingly difficult and fraught with risk. This volume provides a balanced inquiry into the blood safety controversy, which involves private sexual practices, personal tragedy for the victims of HIV/AIDS, and public confidence in America's blood services system. The book focuses on critical decisions as information about the danger to the blood supply emerged. The committee draws conclusions about what was doneâ€"and recommends what should be done to produce better outcomes in the face of future threats to blood safety. The committee frames its analysis around four critical area: Product treatmentâ€"Could effective methods for inactivating HIV in blood have been introduced sooner? Donor screening and referralâ€"including a review of screening to exlude high-risk individuals. Regulations and recall of contaminated bloodâ€"analyzing decisions by federal agencies and the private sector. Risk communicationâ€"examining whether infections could have been averted by better communication of the risks.
"Blood transfusion is a life-saving intervention that has an essential role in patient management within health care systems. All Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed World Health Assembly resolutions WHA28.72 (1) in 1975 and WHA58.13 (2) in 2005. These commit them to the provision of adequate supplies of safe blood and blood products that are accessible to all patients who require transfusion either to save their lives or promote their continuing or improving health." --Preface.
This book offers a concise yet comprehensive overview on critical issues in monitoring and responding to new microbial threats to blood safety. It provides information on the current concerns and mechanisms for monitoring potential new infectious threats to blood safety, evaluates the response to these new threats, and explores the complex issues related to blood safety, including health economics, the relationship between levels of public health threats (actual danger) versus public concerns (perceived danger), and the challenges in coordinating international collaborative efforts. The text also includes several case studies that illustrate the existing systems used for monitoring and responding to new threats to blood safety. Written by experts in the field, Blood Safety: A Guide to Monitoring and Responding to Potential New Threats is a valuable resource for health care professionals who are responsible for the medical management of blood services.
The WHO guidelines on assessing donor suitability for blood donation have been developed to assist blood transfusion services in countries that are establishing or strengthening national systems for the selection of blood donors. They are designed for use by policy makers in national blood programmes in ministries of health, national advisory bodies such as national blood commissions or councils, and blood transfusion services.
This volume examines regulatory and policymaking procedures in blood banking, regulatory enforcement and compliance, innovations and alternatives in regulation, congressional oversight and regulatory initiatives, and investment in regulatory quality.
* Hemovigilance is a "quality process" which aims to improve quality and increase safety of blood transfusion, by surveying all activities of the blood transfusion chain, from donors to recipients. Hemovigilance programmes have now been in existence for over 15 years, but many countries and centers are still at the development stage. This valuable resource brings together the main elements of such programmes and shows the different types of models available. A general introduction includes Chapters on hemovigilance as a quality tool for transfusion as well as concepts of and models for hemovigilance. The core of the book describes how Hemovigilance systems have been set up and how they work in hospitals, blood establishments, and at a national level. These Chapters are written according to a structured template: products and processes, documentation of jobs, monitoring and assessment, implementation and evaluation of measures for improvement, education and training. Chapters on Hemovigilance at the International level, Achievements and new developments complete the picture. Hemovigilance is above all a practical guide to setting up and improving hemovigilance systems, whilst raising awareness for reporting adverse events and reactions. This is the first international book on hemovigilance, assembling all the vital issues in one definitive reference source - essential reading for all staff involved in the transfusion process.
Phlebotomy uses large, hollow needles to remove blood specimens for lab testing or blood donation. Each step in the process carries risks - both for patients and health workers. Patients may be bruised. Health workers may receive needle-stick injuries. Both can become infected with bloodborne organisms such as hepatitis B, HIV, syphilis or malaria. Moreover, each step affects the quality of the specimen and the diagnosis. A contaminated specimen will produce a misdiagnosis. Clerical errors can prove fatal. The new WHO guidelines provide recommended steps for safe phlebotomy and reiterate accepted principles for drawing, collecting blood and transporting blood to laboratories/blood banks.
THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.