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Studies on blast effects on structures are extremely important due to the increasing risk of bomb blasts throughout the world. Reinforced concrete cantilevered slabs are among the most vulnerable structural elements in a blast loading environment. This book focuses on designs of reinforced concrete cantilevered slabs. The book includes methodologies for blast load estimations and designing of blast resistant structural elements. It provides design envelopes that are useful in determining blast resistant capacities of cantilevered slabs. This book is a result of a comprehensive study on blast resistant structural designs that should be of interest to structural designers and engineers.
This guide is aimed at all engineers and architects involved in building design, focusing on the importance of constructing buildings which minimise damage to people and property in the event of an explosion.
Terrorist attacks and other destructive incidents caused by explosives have, in recent years, prompted considerable research and development into the protection of structures against blast loads. For this objective to be achieved, experiments have been performed and theoretical studies carried out to improve our assessments of the intensity as well as the space-time distribution of the resulting blast pressure on the one hand and the consequences of an explosion to the exposed environment on the other.This book aims to enhance awareness on and understanding of these topical issues through a collection of relevant, Transactions of the Wessex Institute of Technology articles written by experts in the field. The book starts with an overview of key physics-based algorithms for blast and fragment environment characterisation, structural response analyses and structural assessments with reference to a terrorist attack in an urban environment and the management of its inherent uncertainties.A subsequent group of articles is concerned with the accurate definition of blast pressure, which is an essential prerequisite to the reliable assessment of the consequences of an explosion. Other papers are concerned with alternative methods for the determination of blast pressure, based on experimental measurements or neural networks. A final group of articles reports investigations on predicting the response of specific structural entities and their contents.The book concludes with studies on the effectiveness of steel-reinforced polymer in improving the performance of reinforced concrete columns and the failure mechanisms of seamless steel pipes used in nuclear industry.
Terrorist-bombing events throughout the world have demonstrated the vulnerability of conventional reinforced concrete buildings to blast effects. Typical columns and floor slab systems are not designed to resist the complex blast loading, such as uplift or reverse loading of floor slabs and the combined lateral and tensile loading of columns. Parameters that may affect the response of a column/slab system to blast loading include structural details and the presence of non structural components. Two story, quarter-scale models were used to investigate the blast response of a typical flat-plate system. Experiments were conducted on five models, allowing a variation in the explosives standoff and the cladding configuration. The experiments successfully demonstrated the response of reinforced concrete frame structures to blast effects. It was demonstrated that the presence of in-fill walls has a significant effect on the impulse of the load applied to a column. Additionally, light walls act as a shield that attenuates the blast pressure enough to significantly reduce the blast effects on the slab floors. A primary conclusion is that the slab edge beams carried the dead weight, particularly the added weight at the top of the column when the columns incurred severe damage. Otherwise, collapse would have occurred.