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Birdoswald was the eleventh fort from the east end of Hadrian's wall. The 1987-92 excavations reported here in great detail explored a long and complex stratified sequence dating from the 2nd century AD. Work concentrated on buildings either side of the via principalis , but also included investigation of the northern defences and the eastern wall at the porta quintana dextra . The report discusses the pre-Roman environment, the construction of the stone fort, discussing the evidence in different periods, the Roman ceramics, the small finds, animal bones and medieval and modern periods. Quite a clear occupation history emerges, from the clearing of the woods in the early 120s AD to the abandonment of the site c.520 AD and the text is copiously illustrated.
From 1976 to 2000 English Heritage archaeologists undertook excavation and research on Hadrian's Wall. This book reports on these findings and includes the first publication, of the James Irwin Coates archive of drawings of Hadrian' Wall made in 1877-96.
The history of the conservation of one of Britain's most cherished landmarks.
Parish churches have been at the heart of communities for more than a thousand years. But now, fewer than two in one hundred people regularly attend services in an Anglican church, and many have never been inside one. Since the idea of 'church' is its people, the buildings are becoming husks - staples of our landscapes, but without meaning or purpose. Some churches are finding vigorous community roles with which to carry on, but the institutional decline is widely seen as terminal. Yet for Richard Morris, post-war parsonages were the happy backdrop of his childhood. In Evensong he searches for what it was that drew his father and hundreds like him towards ordination as they came home from war in 1945. Along the way we meet all kinds of people - archbishops, chaplains, campaigners, bell-ringers, bureaucrats, archaeologists, gravediggers, architects, scroungers - and follow some of them to dark places. Part personal odyssey, part lyrical history, Evensong asks what churches stand for and what they can tell us; it explores why Anglicanism has often been fractious, and why it has become so diffuse. Spanning over two thousand years, it draws on new discoveries, reflects on the current state of the Church in England and ends amid the messy legacies of colonialism and empire.
List of members included in each volume except v. 1.
This book assembles a great deal of evidence for religious practices in Britain, but despite some genuine insights (for example in relating religious sites to natural features and phenomena, and a highly commendable use of ancient sources), in general it is superficial and lacks real empathy with ancient cult. The gruff, colloquial writing style proclaims that this is a plain man's guide' and presumably the avoidance of meaningful engagement with iconography, iconology, art or theology, goes along with this, though for me these are all vital for any understanding of ancient religion. Other books by the author show he can do far better and, indeed, Gods with Thunderbolts betrays signs of a very hasty composition, and reads more like a first draft than a finished product. Guest reviewer - Martin Henig .
List of members included in each volume except v. 1.