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Rhabdoviruses and Filoviruses are single-stranded, non-segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses, many of which cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Certain members of these virus families have been used as excellent model systems to understand the molecular biology of replication, host responses to infections, and viral countermeasures. Rhabdoviruses have also been used as vaccine vectors as well as oncolytic agents.Studies on Filoviruses have now provided significant insights into how they enter susceptible cells, replicate and cause disease, and also how they evade the host's immune mechanisms. This book addresses the most recent findings on Rhabdovirus and Filovirus structure, replication mechanisms, host cell responses to virus infections and viral countermeasures. Chapters on emerging viruses as well as approaches for therapeutic interventions have also been included.This book represents an authoritative text that brings together the most recent advances on the cellular and molecular biology of Rhabdo- and Filoviruses, including mechanisms of pathogenesis.
Ch. 1. Human rhinovirus cell entry and uncoating / Renate Fuchs and Dieter Blaas -- ch. 2. Role of lipid microdomains in influenza virus multiplication / Makoto Takeda -- ch. 3. Functions of integrin alpha2beta1, a collagen receptor, in the internalization of echovirus 1 / Varpu Marjomäki [und weitere] -- ch. 4. Entry mechanism of murine and SARS coronaviruses - similarity and dissimilarity / Fumihiro Taguchi -- ch. 5. Hepatitis viruses, signaling events, and modulation of the innate host response / Syed Mohammad Moin, Anindita Kar-Roy and Shahid Jameel -- ch. 6. Virus-cell interaction of HCV / Hideki Tani [und weitere] -- ch. 7. RNA replication of hepatitis C virus / Hideki Aizaki and Tetsuro Suzuki -- ch. 8. Structure and dynamics in viral RNA packaging / Thorsten Dieckmann and Marta Zumwalt -- ch. 9. Rational design of viral protein structures with predetermined immunological properties / James Lara and Yury Khudyakov -- ch. 10. Bioinformatics resources for the study of viruses at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute / Anjan Purkayastha [und weitere] -- ch. 11. Virus architecture probed by atomic force microscopy / A.J. Malkin [und weitere] -- ch. 12. Filovirus assembly and budding / Takeshi Noda and Yoshihiro Kawaoka -- ch. 13. Challenges in designing HIV Env immunogens for developing a vaccine / Indresh K. Srivastava and R. Holland Cheng -- ch. 14. Insights into the Caliciviridae family / Grant Hansman -- ch. 15. Mathematical approaches for stoichiometric quantification in studies of viral assembly and DNA packaging / Peixuan Guo, Jeremy Hall and Tae Jin Lee -- ch. 16. Virus-like particles of fish nodavirus / Chan-Shing Lin -- ch. 17. The assembly of the double-layered capsids of phytoreoviruses / Toshihiro Omura [und weitere] -- ch. 18. Structure and assembly of human herpesviruses: new insights from cryo-electron microscopy and tomography / Z. Hong Zhou and Pierrette Lo -- ch. 19. Human papillomavirus type 16 capsid proteins: immunogenicity and possible use as prophylactic vaccine antigens / Tadahito Kanda, Kei Kawana and Hiroyuki Yoshikawa -- ch. 20. Chimeric recombinant Hepatitis E virus-like particles presenting foreign epitopes as a novel vector of vaccine by oral administration / Yasuhiro Yasutomi -- ch. 21. Nucleocapsid protein of hantaviruses (Bunyaviridae): structure and functions / Alexander Plyusnin [und weitere] -- ch. 22. Astrovirus replication: an overview / Susana Guix, Albert Bosch and Rosa M. Pintó -- ch. 23. DNA vaccines against viruses / Britta Wahren and Margaret Liu -- ch. 24. Life cycles of polyomaviridae - DNA tumor virus / Masaaki Kawano, Hiroshi Handa and R. Holland Cheng
This book provides a first hand and complete information on orchid biotechnology for orchid lovers, graduate students, researchers and industry growers. It contains comprehensive genomics and transcriptomics data, and a thorough discussion of the molecular mechanism of orchid floral morphogenesis. The contributors to the book are all orchid enthusiasts with more than 20 years' experience in the field.With more than 25,000 species, orchids are the most species-rich of all angiosperm families. They show wide diversity of epiphytic and terrestrial growth forms and have successfully colonized almost every habitat on earth. Orchids are fantastic for their spectacular flowers with highly evolved petal, labellum, and fused androecium and gynoecium, gynostemium, to attract pollinators for effective pollination. In addition, orchids have attracted the interest of many evolutionary biologists due to their highly specialized evolution and adaptation strategies.Orchid Biotechnology III covers the most update knowledge of orchid biotechnology research on Phalaenopsis, Oncidium, Cymbidium, Anoectohilus, Paphiopedilum, and Erycina pusilla. It will provide graduate students, researchers, orchid lovers and breeders with an opportunity to understand the mechanism why the orchids are so mysterious and spectacular. Hopefully, this information will be helpful for breeders to enhance orchid breeding and create even more elegant and grace flowers.
This book contains a series of review chapters from the world''s leaders in herpesvirus research. It is designed as a tribute to the famous virologist Prof Bernard Roizman. Former trainees of Prof Roizman were invited to contribute to this volume. The chapters cover all eight of the human herpesviruses, and the topics discussed span the past six decades of this exciting research field.
This book explains how pathogenic bacteria cause diseases, how the human immune system launches timely and effective defense mechanisms against bacterial infection, why the discovery and application of penicillin and streptomycin are so important, how scientists have created medicines to defeat bacteria, and why these bacteria might outsmart modern medicine.On the other hand, bacteria can be beneficial to humans: some bacteria live in harmony with the human body, and they are indispensable to our health. They also help in refining biological energy in the post-fossil fuel era, and in producing fermented food.With accessible language, illustrations and comics, this book tells the story of our tumultuous relationship with bacteria and how it has shaped history.
This is the first comprehensive book on human/animal gene responses to RNA viral infections, including prevalent, emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses such as HIV, SARS-CoV, West Nile virus, influenza virus and many others. Human gene responses are reviewed by leading virologists worldwide in the following aspects: (i) the altered gene expression profiles at the transcriptional and translational levels detected with cutting-edge technologies such as cDNA microarray and proteomics; (ii) host innate and adapted immune responses to viral replication in target organs; (iii) virus-activated signal transduction pathways in cell survival, apoptosis and autophagosomal pathways; and (iv) the small interfering RNA/microRNA-mediated gene silencing pathway, a recently characterized new host defense mechanism against viral infection. Organized into 29 highly accessible and well-illustrated chapters, this volume explores state-of-the-art knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of RNA virus infection and host?virus interactions. This comprehensive compilation of the altered gene expression profiles and signal transduction pathways in host cells in response to the majority of human/animal RNA viruses opens new directions for basic and clinical research on viral pathogenesis, and also provides valuable biomarkers for researchers to select gene targets in the development of diagnostic tests and antiviral therapeutics for a number of infectious diseases.
Emerging Topics in Physical Virology is a state-of-the-art account of recent advances in the experimental analysis and modeling of structure, function and dynamics of viruses. It is the first interdisciplinary book that integrates a review of relevant experimental techniques, such as cryo-electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and mass spectrometry with the latest results on the biophysical and mathematical modeling of viruses. The book comprehensively covers the structure and physical properties of the protein envelopes that encapsulate and hence protect the delicate viral genome, their assembly and disassembly, the organization of the viral genome, infection, evolution, as well as applications of viruses in Biomedical Nanotechnology. It is an essential primer for scientists working in all aspects of virology, including the increasing use of viruses and virus-like particles in bio- and nano-technology. Its review style makes it moreover suitable for non-experts as an introduction into this exciting research area.
"Principles of Molecular Virology, Fourth Edition" provides an essential introduction to modern virology in a clear and concise manner. It is a highly enjoyable and readable text with numerous illustrations that enhance the reader's understanding of important principles. It contains new material on virus structure, virus evolution, zoonoses, bushmeat, SARS and bioterrorism. The standard version includes a CD-ROM with Flash animations, virtual interactive tutorials and experiments, self-assessment questions, useful online resources, along with the glossary, classification of subcellular infectious agents and history of virology.
This volume provides an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the biology of marburg- and ebolaviruses. It focuses on four essential areas: 1) ecology, outbreaks and clinical management, 2) disease, pathogenesis and protection, 3) virus replication inside the cell, and 4) molecular tools for virus study and taxonomy. For 50 years, these viruses have spilled over sporadically and without warning from their wildlife reservoirs, often causing major outbreaks and high fatalities. The consequences can be devastating, with a clear potential for global reach, as demonstrated by the 2013 West African outbreak of Ebola virus, which led to over 28,000 reported cases across three continents and more than 11,000 deaths. Given the international threat posed by these viruses, the pace and scope of basic research have also greatly intensified, ranging from studies of virus emergence, epidemiology, antiviral countermeasures and human disease to detailed mechanistic studies of virus entry, replication, virion assembly and protein structure. Written by internationally respected experts, this book will appeal to a wide audience and be a valuable resource for basic researchers, clinicians and advanced students alike.
This is the first attempt to delineate the synthetic field of the theoretical study of information, treating information as the basic phenomenon on the fundamental level of the world, encompassing nature, technology, individuals and society. The exploration of information is done within Info-computational approaches, to natural and social phenomena such as Bioinformatics, Information Physics, Informational Chemistry, Computational Physics, Cognitive and Social sciences, with special emphasis on interdisciplinary, crossdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge.The book presents results of collaboration across research fields within info-computational and info-structural frameworks, in attempt to better theoretically and conceptually capture the phenomenon of information and its dynamics (such as computation and communication), as they appear on different levels of organization, on different scales and in different contexts.