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"This book introduces the most efficient process for producing biofuels. It also highlights the applications of microfluidic devices for designing large scale reactors and discusses the biomass production processes and their significant applications"--
Since fossil fuels suffer from dangerous side effects for the environment and their resources are limited, bioenergy attracted many attentions in various aspects as an alternative solution. Therefore, increasing number of researches are conducted every year and the processes updated frequently to make them more economic and industrially beneficial. Advances in Bioenergy and Microfluidic Applications reviews recent developments in this field and covers various advanced bio-applications, which rarely are reviewed elsewhere. The chapters are started from converting biomass to valuable products and continues with applications of biomass in water-treatment, novel sorbents and membranes, refineries, microfluidic devices and etc. The book covers various routes for gaining bioenergy from biomass. Their composition, carbon contents, heat production capacities and other important factors are reviewed in details in different chapters. Then, the processes for upgrading them directly and indirectly (using metabolic engineering and ultrasonic devices) to various fuels are explained. Each process is reviewed both technically and economically and the product analysis is given. Besides, the effect of various catalysts on increasing selectivity and productivity are taken into account. Biofuels are compared with fossil fuels and challenges in the way of bioenergy production are explained. Moreover, advanced bio-applications in membranes, adsorption, waste water treatment, microfluidic devices and etc. are introduced. This book provides a good insight about such bioprocesses and microfluidics devices for researchers, students, professors and related departments and industries that care about energy resources and curious about recent advances in related methods and technologies. Despite other books which review biomass chemistry and conversion, the current book emphasize on the application of biomass in the mentioned areas. Therefore, one can gain a better and more comprehensive insight by reading the book. Describes energy production from biomass, biomass conversion, their advantages and limitations Describes the application of biomass in membranes, sorbents, water-treatment, refineries, and microfluidic devices Offers a future outlook of bioenergy production and possibility to apply in the industries
The past two decades have seen rapid development of micro-/nanotechnologies with the integration of chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, chemistry, and life sciences to form bio-MEMS or lab-on-chip devices that help us perform cellular analysis in a complex micro-/nanoflluidic environment with minimum sample consumption and have potential biomedical applications. To date, few books have been published in this field, and researchers are unable to find specialized content. This book compiles cutting-edge research on cell manipulation, separation, and analysis using microfluidics and bio-MEMS devices. It illustrates the use of micro-robots for biomedical applications, vascularized microfluidic organs-on-a-chip and their applications, as well as DNA gene microarray biochips and their applications. In addition, it elaborates on neuronal cell activity in microfluidic compartments, microvasculature and microarray gene patterning, different physical methods for drug delivery and analysis, micro-/nanoparticle preparation and separation in a micro-/nanofluidic environment, and the potential biomedical applications of micro-/nanoparticles. This book can be used by academic researchers, especially those involved in biomicrofluidics and bio-MEMS, and undergraduate- and graduate-level students of bio-MEMS/bio-nanoelectromechanical systems (bio-NEMS), biomicrofluidics, biomicrofabricatios, micro-/nanofluidics, biophysics, single-cell analysis, bionanotechnology, drug delivery systems, and biomedical micro-/nanodevices. Readers can gain knowledge of different aspects of microfluidics and bio-MEMS devices; their design, fabrication, and integration; and biomedical applications. The book will also help biotechnology-based industries, where research and development is ongoing in cell-based analysis, diagnosis, and drug screening.
Micro/Nanofluidics and Lab-on-Chip Based Emerging Technologies for Biomedical and Translational Research Applications - Part B, Volume 187 represents the collation of chapters written by eminent scientists worldwide. Chapters in this new release include Design and fabrication of microfluidics devices for molecular biology applications, Micro/Nanofluidics devices for drug delivery, From organ-on-chip to body-on-chip: the next generation of microfluidics platforms for in vitro drug toxicity testing, Micro/Nanofluidics for high throughput drug screening, Design, fabrication and assembly of lab-on-a-chip and its uses, Advances in microfluidic 3D cell culture for pre-clinical drug development, Tissue and organ culture on lab-on-a chip for biomedical applications, and much more. Offers a basic understanding of the state-of-the-art design and fabrication of microfluidics/ nanofluidics and lab on chip Explains how to develop microfluidics/nanofluidic for advanced application such as healthcare, high throughout drug screening, 3D cell culture and organ-on-chip Discusses the emerging demands and research of micro/nanofluidic based devices in biomedical and translational research applications
Sustainability issues have gained more importance in contemporary globalization, pushing decision makers to find a systematic mathematical approach to conduct analyses of this real-world problem. The growing complexity in modern social-economics or engineering environments or systems has forced researchers to solve complicated problems by using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches. However, traditional MCDM research mainly focuses on reaching the highest economic value or efficiency, and issues related to sustainability are still not closely explored. Advanced Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Addressing Complex Sustainability Issues discusses and addresses the challenges in the implementation of decision-making models in the context of green and sustainable engineering, criteria identification, quantification, comparison, selection, and analysis in the context of manufacturing, supply chain, transportation, and energy sectors. All academic communities in the areas of management, economics, business sciences, mechanical, and manufacturing technologies are able to use, apply, and implement the models presented in this book. It is intended for researchers, manufacturers, engineers, managers, industry professionals, academicians, and students.
Hydrology is a key influence on water security, environmental sustainability, agricultural production, energy, and transport, especially in unique environments such as arid regions and the tropics, where degradation issues on water and land can threaten the livelihoods of poor communities. With implications in urbanization, landscape architecture, and sanitation, enhancing the practice of water use, management, and planning is imperative for the sustainable development of these regions. Hydrology and Water Resources Management in Arid, Semi-Arid, and Tropical Regions is an essential research publication that seeks to improve scientific understanding and sharing of data in hydrology and integrated water resources management of arid, semi-arid, and tropical regions in order to enhance water governance and alleviate reduction in the vulnerability of water resources systems to global changes. Featuring a wide range of topics such as hydrometeorology, sustainable development, and climate change, this book is ideal for researchers, technology developers, academicians, policymakers, government officials, and students.
Microfluidics and BioMEMS Applications central idea is on microfluidics, a relatively new research field which finds its niche in biomedical devices, especially on lab-on-a-chip and related products. Being the essential component in providing driving fluidic flows, an example of micropump is chosen to illustrate a complete cycle in development of microfluidic devices which include literature review, designing and modelling, fabrication and testing. A few articles are included to demonstrate the idea of tackling this research problem, and they cover the main development scope discussed earlier as well as other advanced modelling schemes for microfluidics and beyond. Scientists and students working in the areas of MEMS and microfluidics will benefit from this book, which may serve both communities as both a reference monograph and a textbook for courses in numerical simulation, and design and development of microfluidic devices.
With the advancement of new technologies, existing wastewater treatment units need to be reexamined to make them more efficient and to release the load currently placed on them. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop and adopt the latest design methodology to determine and remove harmful impurities from water sources. Advanced Design of Wastewater Treatment Plants: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical scholarly resource that explores the design of various units of wastewater treatment plants and treatment technologies that can produce reusable quality water from wastewater. The book covers topics that include the basic philosophy of wastewater treatment, designing principles of various wastewater treatment units, conventional treatment systems, and advanced treatment processes. It is an integral reference source for engineers, environmentalists, waste authorities, solid waste management companies, landfill operators, legislators, researchers, and academicians.
This book focuses on state-of-the-art microfluidic research in medical and biological applications. The top-level researchers in this research field explain carefully and clearly what can be done by using microfluidic devices. Beginners in the field —undergraduates, engineers, biologists, medical researchers—will easily learn to understand microfluidic-based medical and biological applications. Because a wide range of topics is summarized here, it also helps experts to learn more about fields outside their own specialties. The book covers many interesting subjects, including cell separation, protein crystallization, single-cell analysis, cell diagnosis, point-of-care testing, immunoassay, embyos/worms on a chip and organ-on-a-chip. Readers will be convinced that microfluidic devices have great potential for medical and biological applications.
Retrofitting expresses, in a traditional approach, the process of improving something after it has been manufactured, constructed, or assembled. These systems integrate new technologies, new functions, and new services that increase the energy performance in existing private, public, and commercial buildings. Retrofitting for Optimal Energy Performance is a comprehensive reference source that examines environmentally conscious technologies and their applications in advancing retrofitting practices. Providing relevant theoretical frameworks and the latest empirical research findings in the area, it highlights an array of topics such as climate change, energy management, and optimization modeling, and is essential for academicians, students, researchers, engineers, architects, entrepreneurs, managers, policymakers, and building owners.