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Cells in the developing embryo depend on signals from the extracellular environment to help guide their differentiation. An important mediator in this process is the extracellular matrix – secreted macromolecules that interact to form large protein networks outside the cell. During development, the extracellular matrix serves to separate adjacent cell groups, participates in establishing morphogenic gradients, and, through its ability to interact directly will cell-surface receptors, provides developmental clocks and positional information. This volume discusses how the extracellular matrix influences fundamental developmental processes and how model systems can be used to elucidate ECM function. The topics addressed range from how ECM influences early development as well as repair processes in the adult that recapitulate developmental pathways.
The topic of this Mosbach Colloquium was meant as a question to begin with. When I started to study differentiation and morphogenesis in Volvox I hoped for a straightforward answer along prepared groove- only to find out that also here things follow Murphy's Law: they were much more complicated than expected! Succour had to be sought. Thus, the idea arose to put this question before a board of experts. Experience would have warned any ex-service man never to utter an idea or else you would be made responsible, and it came as it had to come: I was made impressario of this gremium; I had to assemble the experts. These Proceedings contain their expertise. I cannot even say that I biased it by my picking. In the beginning I aimed at setting different accents by inclination and force of habit. Then, by trial and error, by advice and declination, the programme shaped itself. It eventually gained momentum of which also the size of this volume is indicative. In this volume are printed all the papers presented - with two regret ted exceptions - but not the sometimes lively discussion, which clari fied and pruned here and there. It would just have made the size too unwieldy. Differentiation and morphogenesis start with the expression of genes. The development programme reels off the genome and is regulated by the position of the appropriate genes. Their structure is in the focus of gene biochemistry since the decisive tools have become available.
This book presents a detailed analysis of up-to-date literature on in vitro morphogenesis at cell, tissue, organ, and whole plant levels. Its driving force is the substantial advances made in the field of morphogenesis in tissue cultures during the last 25 years.
Fungal Morphogenesis brings together, for the first time, the full scope of fungal developmental biology.
"A concise account of what we know about development discusses the first vital steps of growth and explores one of the liveliest areas of scientific research."--P. [2] of cover.
Collagen is a fascinating protein not only because of its ubiquitous occurrence in multicellular animals, but also because of its unique chemi cal structure. As the predominant constituent in bone, cartilage, skin, tendon, and tooth, it is not surprising that collagen is of interest to anatomists, biochemists, biomedical engineers, cell biologists, dermatolo gists, dental surgeons, leather chemists, orthopedic surgeons, physiologists, physicians, zoologists, and a host of others. This book was planned to provide an up-to-date comprehensive survey of all aspects of biochemistry of collagen. The recent discovery of genetically distinct collagens with tissue specificity has opened a new era in collagen biochemistry, and Karl Piez discusses this in the opening chapter on primary structure. In the next chapter, Ramachandran and Rama krishnan deal with the molecular structure of collagen, placing special emphasis on the conformational aspects of its polypeptide chains. Follow ing the consideration of primary and secondary structure of collagen, the three-dimensional arrangement of collagen molecules in the fibrils is covered by Miller in Chapter 3. Collagen is generally in the insoluble state in the living organism due to the cross-linking of individual molecules, and Tanzer describes the various aspects of this cross-linkage in Chapter 4. The biosynthesis of collagen is discussed in depth by Prockop and his colleagues.
This book came about as a result of a review I had written earlier on fea tures of cellular changes occurring during anuran metamorphosis. Only a limited treatment of this subject was possible in such a circumscribed work and only specific examples of organic change were dealt with. Thus the sins of omission weighed heavily, for so much information could not be included to provide a more comprehensive and authenticated account of the elaborate, complex, and far-reaching changes that an aquatic larva undergoes to become a terrestrial froglet. A good deal of my working life has been spent investigating amphib ians, especially their larval developmental morphology during metamor phosis, first at the level of light microscopy and in later years by electronmicroscopy. Initially I was particularly concerned with morpho logical homologies of a variety of larval structures, such as the cranial and pharyngeal skeleton and the nerves and musculature, in order to learn more about amphibian phylogeny, for during my pre-and early postgrad uate years G. R. Beer and D. M. S. Watson inspired an undying interest in and respect for vertebrate comparative anatomy. However, it now seems to be that amphibian phylogenetic relationships are best dealt with by the paleontologists, so ably demonstrated by D. M. S. Watson and A. S. Romer and the contemporary enthusiasts in this field like A. L. Panchen, R. L. Carroll, E. Jarvik, and K. S. Thompson among a host of others, particularly in the USA.
"A subject collection from Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology."
The greatest mystery of life is how a single fertilized egg develops into a fully functioning, sometimes conscious multicellular organism. Embryogenesis Explained offers a new theory of how embryos build themselves, and combines simple physics with the most recent biochemical and genetic breakthroughs, based on the authors' prediction and then discovery of differentiation waves. They explain their ideas in a form accessible to the lay person and a broad spectrum of scientists and engineers. The diverse subjects of development, genetics and evolution, and their physics, are brought together to explain this major, previously unanswered scientific question of our time.As a follow up on The Hierarchical Genome, this book is a shorter but conceptually expanded work for the reader who is interested in science. It is useful as a starting point for the curious layman or the scientist or professional encountering the problem of embryogenesis without the formal biology background. There is also material useful for the seasoned biologist caught up in the new rush of information about the role of mechanics in developmental biology and cellular level mechanics in medicine.