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The inherent complex dynamics of a parametrically excited pendulum is of great interest in nonlinear dynamics, which can help one better understand the complex world. Even though the parametrically excited pendulum is one of the simplest nonlinear systems, until now, complex motions in such a parametric pendulum cannot be achieved. In this book, the bifurcation dynamics of periodic motions to chaos in a damped, parametrically excited pendulum is discussed. Complete bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos in the parametrically excited pendulum include: period-1 motion (static equilibriums) to chaos, and period-m motions to chaos (m = 1, 2, ···, 6, 8, ···, 12). The aforesaid bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos coexist in the same parameter ranges, which are very difficult to determine through traditional analysis. Harmonic frequency-amplitude characteristics of such bifurcation trees are also presented to show motion complexity and nonlinearity in such a parametrically excited pendulum system. The non-travelable and travelable periodic motions on the bifurcation trees are discovered. Through the bifurcation trees of travelable and non-travelable periodic motions, the travelable and non-travelable chaos in the parametrically excited pendulum can be achieved. Based on the traditional analysis, one cannot achieve the adequate solutions presented herein for periodic motions to chaos in the parametrically excited pendulum. The results in this book may cause one rethinking how to determine motion complexity in nonlinear dynamical systems.
The inherent complex dynamics of a parametrically excited pendulum is of great interest in nonlinear dynamics, which can help one better understand the complex world. Even though the parametrically excited pendulum is one of the simplest nonlinear systems, until now, complex motions in such a parametric pendulum cannot be achieved. In this book, the bifurcation dynamics of periodic motions to chaos in a damped, parametrically excited pendulum is discussed. Complete bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos in the parametrically excited pendulum include: period-1 motion (static equilibriums) to chaos, and period- motions to chaos ( = 1, 2, ···, 6, 8, ···, 12). The aforesaid bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos coexist in the same parameter ranges, which are very difficult to determine through traditional analysis. Harmonic frequency-amplitude characteristics of such bifurcation trees are also presented to show motion complexity and nonlinearity in such a parametrically excited pendulum system. The non-travelable and travelable periodic motions on the bifurcation trees are discovered. Through the bifurcation trees of travelable and non-travelable periodic motions, the travelable and non-travelable chaos in the parametrically excited pendulum can be achieved. Based on the traditional analysis, one cannot achieve the adequate solutions presented herein for periodic motions to chaos in the parametrically excited pendulum. The results in this book may cause one rethinking how to determine motion complexity in nonlinear dynamical systems.
In this book, the global sequential scenario of bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos in nonlinear dynamical systems is presented for a better understanding of global behaviors and motion transitions for one periodic motion to another one. A 1-dimensional (1-D), time-delayed, nonlinear dynamical system is considered as an example to show how to determine the global sequential scenarios of the bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos. All stable and unstable periodic motions on the bifurcation trees can be determined. Especially, the unstable periodic motions on the bifurcation trees cannot be achieved from the traditional analytical methods, and such unstable periodic motions and chaos can be obtained through a specific control strategy. The sequential periodic motions in such a 1-D time-delayed system are achieved semi-analytically, and the corresponding stability and bifurcations are determined by eigenvalue analysis. Each bifurcation tree of a specific periodic motion to chaos are presented in detail. The bifurcation tree appearance and vanishing are determined by the saddle-node bifurcation, and the cascaded period-doubled periodic solutions are determined by the period-doubling bifurcation. From finite Fourier series, harmonic amplitude and harmonic phases for periodic motions on the global bifurcation tree are obtained for frequency analysis. Numerical illustrations of periodic motions are given for complex periodic motions in global bifurcation trees. The rich dynamics of the 1-D, delayed, nonlinear dynamical system is presented. Such global sequential periodic motions to chaos exist in nonlinear dynamical systems. The frequency-amplitude analysis can be used for re-construction of analytical expression of periodic motions, which can be used for motion control in dynamical systems.
The book is about the global stability and bifurcation of equilibriums in polynomial functional systems. Appearing and switching bifurcations of simple and higher-order equilibriums in the polynomial functional systems are discussed, and such bifurcations of equilibriums are not only for simple equilibriums but for higher-order equilibriums. The third-order sink and source bifurcations for simple equilibriums are presented in the polynomial functional systems. The third-order sink and source switching bifurcations for saddle and nodes are also presented, and the fourth-order upper-saddle and lower-saddle switching and appearing bifurcations are presented for two second-order upper-saddles and two second-order lower-saddles, respectively. In general, the (2 + 1)th-order sink and source switching bifurcations for (2)th-order saddles and (2 +1)-order nodes are also presented, and the (2)th-order upper-saddle and lower-saddle switching and appearing bifurcations are presented for (2)th-order upper-saddles and (2)th-order lower-saddles (, = 1,2,...). The vector fields in nonlinear dynamical systems are polynomial functional. Complex dynamical systems can be constructed with polynomial algebraic structures, and the corresponding singularity and motion complexity can be easily determined.
Engineering Dynamics Course Companion, Part 2: Rigid Bodies: Kinematics and Kinetics is a supplemental textbook intended to assist students, especially visual learners, in their approach to Sophomore-level Engineering Dynamics. This text covers particle kinematics and kinetics and emphasizes Newtonian Mechanics ``Problem Solving Skills'' in an accessible and fun format, organized to coincide with the first half of a semester schedule many instructors choose, and supplied with numerous example problems. While this book addresses Rigid Body Dynamics, a separate book (Part 1) is available that covers Particle Dynamics.
Engineering Dynamics Course Companion, Part 1: Particles: Kinematics and Kinetics is a supplemental textbook intended to assist students, especially visual learners, in their approach to Sophomore-level Engineering Dynamics. This text covers particle kinematics and kinetics and emphasizes Newtonian Mechanics "Problem Solving Skills" in an accessible and fun format, organized to coincide with the first half of a semester schedule many instructors choose, and supplied with numerous example problems. While this book addresses Particle Dynamics, a separate book (Part 2) is available that covers Rigid Body Dynamics.
The use of sensors and instrumentation for measuring and control is growing at a very rapid rate in all facets of life in today's world. This Part II of Instrumentation: Theory and Practice is designed to provide the reader with essential knowledge regarding a broad spectrum of sensors and transducers and their applications. This textbook is intended for use as an introductory one-semester course at the junior level of an undergraduate program. It is also very relevant for technicians, engineers, and researchers who had no formal training in instrumentation and wish to engage in experimental measurements. The prerequisites are: a basic knowledge of multivariable calculus, introductory physics, college algebra, and a familiarity with basic electrical circuits and components. This book emphasizes the use of simplified electrical circuits to convert the change in the measured physical variable into a voltage output signal. In each chapter, relevant sensors and their operation are presented and discussed at a fundamental level and are integrated with the essential mathematical theory in a simplified form. The book is richly illustrated with colored figures and images. End-of-chapter examples and problems complement the text in a simple and straight forward manner.
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising and rapidly emerging technology for a wide range of applications, from daily life to industry. CAP’s key advantage is its unique ability to effectively deliver reactive species to subjects including biological materials, liquid media, aerosols, and manufactured surfaces. This book assesses the state-of-art in CAP research and implementation for applications including agriculture, medicine, environment, materials, catalysis, and energy. The mechanisms of generation and transport of the key reactive species in the plasma are introduced and examined in the context of their applications. Opportunities and challenges for novel technologies, fresh ideas/concepts, expanded multidisciplinary study, and new applications are discussed. The authors’ vision for the converging trends across diverse disciplines is proposed to stimulate critical discussions, research directions, and collaborations.
Capstone Design: Project Process and Reviews (Student Engineering Design Workbook) provides a brief overview of the design process as well as templates, tools, and student design notes. The goal of this workbook is to provide students in multiple disciplines with a systematic iterative process to follow in their Capstone Design projects and get feedback through design reviews. Students should treat this workbook as a working document and document individual/team decisions, make sketches of their concepts, and add additional design documentation. This workbook also assists in documenting student responsibility and accountability for individual contributions to the project. Freshman- and sophomore-level students may also find this workbook helpful for design projects. Finally, this workbook will also serve as an evaluation and assessment tool for the faculty mentor/advisor.
Fluid Mechanics is the study of liquid or gas behavior in motion or at rest. It is one of the fundamental branches of Engineering Mechanics, which is important to educate professional engineers of any major. Many of the engineering disciplines apply Fluid Mechanics principles and concepts. In order to absorb the materials of Fluid Mechanics, it is not enough just to consume theoretical laws and theorems. A student also must develop an ability to solve practical problems. Therefore, it is necessary to solve many problems independently. This book is a supplement to the Fluid Mechanics course in learning and applying the principles required to solve practical engineering problems in the following branches of Fluid Mechanics: Hydrostatics, Fluid Kinematics, Fluid Dynamics, Turbulent Flow and Gas Dynamics (Compressible Fluid Flow). This book contains practical problems in Fluid Mechanics, which are a complement to Fluid Mechanics textbooks. The book is the product of material covered in many classes over a period of four decades at several universities. It consists of 18 sets of problems where students are introduced to various topics of the Fluid Mechanics. Each set involves 30 problems, which can be assigned as individual homework as well as test/exam problems. The solution of a similar problem for each set is provided. The sequence of the topics and some of the problems were adopted from Fluid Mechanics by R. C. Hibbeler, 2nd edition, 2018, Pearson.