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This text provides an ethnography of a Chinese middle school based on fieldwork conducted in 1988 to 1989. It provides a way of looking at classroom and societal interactions in terms of the interplay among criticism, face and shame.
The purpose of this volume is to demonstrate how contemporary institutional economic analysis can be applied to the resolution of economic problems. All of the essays in this book challenge the conventional wisdom in the problem areas addressed. They advocate policy positions that often run contrary to views widely held by academic economists and policy makers alike. The general literature of institutional economics is unorthodox, beginning with its methodological foundations and continuing through the kind of policy analysis found in these pages. The orthodox tradition in economics is commonly characterized as "neoclassical economics." Neoclassical economics fosters the myth that only "the market" can efficiently allocate a society's economic resources and equitably distribute its income. It provides the intellectual defense for in which "free markets" are championed over democratic capitalist ideology policy formation, which it contends is neither efficient nor equitable. For both professional economists and policy makers of a conservative political persuasion, neoclassical economics writes the script for a morality play in which the market is the "good guy" and the government is the "bad guy." As such, it undermines the belief that free societies can enhance economic welfare through the use of democratic processes in the formulation of economic policies.
J. Fagg Foster (1907-1985) was one of the most significant creators of institutionalist economic theory in the twentieth century. He wrote and taught in the American intellectual tradition of Thorstein Weblen, John R. Commons, John Dewey and Clarence E. Ayres. This tradition shares purpose and philosophy with the European contributors, Gunnar Myrdal and K. William Kapp. Because little of Foster's scholarly work was formally published, professional knowledge of his extraordinary contribution is quite limited beyond the circle of his students and colleagues. Value Theory and Economic Progress attempts to correct that deficiency by providing an extended characterization of this missing and crucial component of the development of American heterodox economic thought. Its purpose is to demonstrate the timely relevance and significance of this model of inquiry in political economy. In addition, this volume explains that contemporary problem solving means changing `what is' into `what ought to be' through institutional adjustments; such a demonstration is at the heart of Foster's contribution to institutional thought.
Comprises a collection of essays on institutional economics from the point of view of a dissenting institutional economist. Traces the development of institutional economics, examines its relation to mainstream neoclassical economics and describes the theoretical foundations and methodology. Explores the increasing power of the corporation in the economy and society and investigates approaches to economic planning which turn away from corporatism and toward greater economic democracy.
Richard received his education on the East Coast: A Master's degree at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, and a Ph.D. in Economics at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, N.J. Both Richard and June were raised in the inner city of Newark, went to the same high school, and were married in 1954. June received a bachelor's degree from Portland State University and a Ph.D. from the University of Oregon, both in Sociology. This interconnection between the economic and sociological permeates their basic research focus which, overall, is directed toward an analysis of the dynamics of culture evolution. Richard's and June's current research interests relate to the interrelation between globalization and culture.
A collection of writings by economist and social critic Thorstein Veblen that provides a hearty sample of his broad spectrum of thought. Veblen ignited controversy in many academic disciplines: from his opinions about "conspicuous consumption," to his views on "salesmanship and the churches," Veblen walked across the wet mopped floors of our culture with muddy boots. Paper edition (unseen), $19.95. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
If social science's "cultural turn" has taught us anything, it is that knowledge is constrained by the time and place in which it is produced. In response, scholars have begun to reassess social theory from the standpoints of groups and places outside of the European context upon which most grand theory is based. Here a distinguished group of scholars reevaluates widely accepted theories of state, property, race, and economics against Latin American experiences with a two-fold purpose. They seek to deepen our understanding of Latin America and the problems it faces. And, by testing social science paradigms against a broader variety of cases, they pursue a better and truly generalizable map of the social world. Bringing universal theory into dialogue with specific history, the contributors consider what forms Latin American variations of classical themes might take and which theories are most useful in describing Latin America. For example, the Argentinian experience reveals the limitations of neoclassical descriptions of economic development, but Charles Tilly's emphasis on the importance of war and collective action to statemaking holds up well when thoughtfully adapted to Latin American situations. Marxist structural analysis is problematic in a region where political divisions do not fully expresses class cleavages, but aspects of Karl Polanyi's socioeconomic theory cross borders with relative ease. This fresh theoretical discussion expands the scope of Latin American studies and social theory, bringing the two into an unprecedented conversation that will benefit both. Contributors are, in addition to the editors, Jeremy Adelman, Jorge I. Domínguez, Paul Gootenberg, Alan Knight, Robert M. Levine, Claudio Lomnitz, John Markoff, Verónica Montecinos, Steven C. Topik, and J. Samuel Valenzuela.
This title was first published in 2001. An analysis of the political economy of Mexico's financial reform. It is organized in three parts. The first part - chapters one to four - develops the framework, both historical and institutional. The first chapter outlines the theoretical discussion on state autonomy and develops a simple analytical framework to study public policy decisions. The subsequent three chapters address three main themes: external dependency of domestic states on international capital, political change under President Carlos Salinas and financial policy in Mexico. The second part presents the analysis of three main institutional changes to the financial system - development banking reform, commercial banking privatisation and autonomy of the central bank. Each specific case study shows how the reforms conformed to the ideas of the dominant consensus on economic policy and how they delivered an inefficient incentive structure. The third part - chapter eight - brings together all the elements to explain Mexico's 1994 financial crisis.
This study presents a case for the reform of the United Nations and discusses possible measures for enforcing peace worldwide. There are separate chapters on such topics as the General Assembly, Security Council, the Secretary-General and the Secretariat, and the International Court of Justice.