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Discusses the possible future of the "homelands" or "bantustans".
The bantustans – or ‘homelands’ – were created by South Africa’s apartheid regime as ethnically-defined territories for Africans. Granted self-governing and ‘independent’ status by Pretoria, they aimed to deflect the demands for full political representation by black South Africans and were shunned by the anti-apartheid movement. In 1972, Steve Biko wrote that ‘politically, the bantustans are the greatest single fraud ever invented by white politicians’. With the end of apartheid and the first democratic elections of 1994, the bantustans formally ceased to exist, but their legacies remain inscribed in South Africa’s contemporary social, cultural, political, and economic landscape. While the older literature on the bantustans has tended to focus on their repressive role and political illegitimacy, this edited volume offers new approaches to the histories and afterlives of the former bantustans in South Africa by a new generation of scholars. This book was originally published as various special issues of the South African Historical Journal.
BANTUSTAN is an illustrated travelogue, novel, atlas and encyclopedia. It is at once a textbook for independent travel in Africa, an illustrated atlas, a collection of life stories, an intimate confession, a list of little secrets and shame. Alternating between three narrators, it is a story of division, isolation and contact. Bantustans were reservations for Black Africans set up by the apartheid regime; in this book, bantustans refer to the bubbles in which we all live our lives. The three protagonists, as well as the people they encounter along the way, are constantly struggling to escape these multi-layered bubbles - of ego, family, social circle, class, race, religion, ethnicity, language, nationality etc - and establish contact with the rest of the world. Such attempts are often painful and sometimes downright disastrous, leading to a series of conflicts, disappointments and crises, but ultimately confirming the possibilities and importance of human connections.With a collection of maps, infographics and data visualizations for non-linear reading, BANTUSTAN is an example of ergodic and interactive literature. Readers can choose how to move through the book: in the traditional linear fashion, or using the maps as visual interfaces for skipping from one story to another. The maps represent a tapestry of pictograms, ideograms, scripts, labyrinths, emblems, motifs, secret messages and hidden clues for the reader to discover and decipher.BANTUSTAN contains a total of 32 full-page illustrations (19 of which are maps), as well as 25 smaller illustrations/glyphs.Visit www.bantustanbook.com to learn more about the book, the trip and the authors.
In Survival in the 'Dumping Grounds', Laura Evans examines the multi-layered social history of apartheid-era relocation into South Africa's Ciskei bantustan.
Originally published in 1968, this volume traces the history and growth of Apartheid in South Africa. The acts which enforced Apartheid – the Group Areas Act, Population and Registration Act are given in full. The book also includes documents which reflected reaction to these measures: Parliamentary debates, newspaper reports and policy statements by the leading political parties and religious denominations. The documents are headed by a full historical and analytical introduction.
This book outlines the process by which the apartheid Government of the Republic of South Africa set out to maintain its policies by the fiction of 'independence' for its Bantustans. This 'independence' of sections of its territory closely integrated into its economic structure, politically and culturally dominated from Pretoria, continued to guarantee the Republic its flow of cheap mobile migrant labour, shifted the costs of education, health and services on to the Africans themselves, and provided for the racial segregation apartheid demanded. Unesco commissioned this book as part of its contribution to the International Year against Apartheid (1978). It should be read in conjunction with Apartheid: Its Effects on Education, Science, Culture and Information (Paris, Unesco, 1972).