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This book analyses the widely-held view of the merits of the 'bank-based' German system of finance for investment, and shows that this view is not supported by evidence from the post-war period. The institutional features of the German system are such that universal banks have control of voting rights at shareholders' meetings due to proxy votes, and they also have representation on companies' supervisory boards. These features are claimed to have two main benefits. One is that the German system reduces asymmetric information problems, enabling banks to supply more external finance to firms at a lower cost, and thus increasing investment. The other is that German banks are able to mould and control managements of firms on behalf of shareholders, and thus ensure that firms are run efficiently. This book assesses whether empirical evidence backs up these claims, and shows that the merits of the German system are largely myths.
Written by a team of scholars, predominantly from the Centre for Financial Studies in Frankfurt, this volume provides a descriptive survey of the present state of the German financial system and a new analytical framework to explain its workings.

Germany

International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department

Published: 2016-06-29

Total Pages: 118


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This paper evaluates the risks and vulnerabilities of the German financial system and reviews both the German regulatory and supervisory framework and implementation of the common European framework insofar as it is relevant for Germany. The country is home to two global systemically important financial institutions, Deutsche Bank AG and Allianz SE. The system is also very heterogeneous, with a range of business models and a large number of smaller banks and insurers. The regulatory landscape has changed profoundly with strengthened solvency and liquidity regulations for banks (the EU Capital Requirements Regulation and Directive IV), and the introduction of macroprudential tools.
Applying the new economics of organisation and relational theories of the firm to the problem of understanding cross-national variation in the political economy, this volume elaborates a new understanding of the institutional differences that characterise the 'varieties of capitalism' worldwide.
In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.
Estudia el problema de si los bancos alemanes han sido un factor importante para los buenos resultados economicos del pais de 1970 a 1985. Analiza en que medida los prestamos bancarios suponen una cantidad significativa de la financiacion para las inversiones del sector productivo aleman, y en este sentido, si es consecuencia de la participacion de bancos en los consejos ejecutivos de las empresas. Para ello, examina el grado de control de titulos con derecho a voto por los bancos y en que medida la representacion en los consejos ejecutivos condiciona la gestion de tal forma que asegure la eficacia interna. Contiene cuadros estadisticos y bibliografia. (igm).
Investing in one of the most promising real estate markets in Europe offers enormous opportunities. And as with every real estate market, in Germany too, the local framework conditions must be understood and their particularities must be adequately taken into account. The authors are renowned senior executives, real estate advisors and academics, who share here their extensive experience and real life insights from countless real estate investments, covering all aspects of a successful investment process in Germany. Includes: markets, the regulatory framework and investment guidelines. Contents: - Essentials for successful real estate investments in Germany - Macro-economic structure and dynamics of the German real estate market - Real estate investment, trends and strategies - Diverse submarkets: residential, offices, retail, hotel and nursing homes - Real estate legal, tax and audit frameworks - German REITS and ESG in real estate investments - Real estate M&A, financing, due diligence and valuations
This book is both a reference book on Germany's financial system and a contribution to the economic debate about its status at the beginning of the twenty-first century. In giving a comprehensive account of the many facets of the system, it covers corporate governance, relationship lending, stock market development, investor protection, the venture capital industry, and the accounting system, and reports on monetary transmission and the credit channel, regulation and banking competition, the insurance and investment industry, and mergers and acquisitions. Special chapters at the beginning and at the end of the book adopt the financial system perspective, analysing the mutual fit of different features of the financial system; and each of the fifteen chapters addresses particular myths that surround it. The book is invaluable for those who want to understand the German economy and its financial system, promising not only a compilation of facts and statistics on Germany's financial markets and institutions, but also an analysis of its current structure and the determinants of its future development.
Description: Commentators across the political spectrum are pointing to the German system of local banks as a model for Britain to emulate. Much like our own banks, the big German commercial banks cut lending to businesses after the crisis in 2008, but the local German Savings Banks increased their loans, providing vital support for the wider economy in difficult times. In this report, Christopher Simpson explains how these local German Savings Banks (Sparkassen) operate. He describes the history, structure and organisation of the Sparkassen, which are only allowed to lend within a geographically defined area and, as a result, develop close relationships with their customers. They are publicly-owned but independent organisations with the 'common good' objective of supporting sustainable economic development rather than maximising profit.