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Renowned as great centres of learning, the cities of Baghdad and Isfahan were at the heart of the Islamic civilization as rich capital cities and centres of intellectual thought. Their distinct cultural voices inspired a unique historical dialogue, which finds new expression in Baghdad and Isfahan, the story of how knowledge was transmitted and transformed within Islamic lands, and then spread across Europe. Capturing the history of Baghdad and Isfahan from 750 to 1750, Elaheh Kheirandish draws on the voices of court astronomers, mathematicians, scientists, mystics, jurists, statesmen and Arabic and Persian translators and scholars to document the extensive and lasting contribution of sciences from Islamic lands to the history of science. Kheirandish bases her narrative on a unique medieval manuscript and other historical sources and the result is more than a thousand-year 'tale of two cities' – it is a city by city, and century by century, look at what it took to change the world. In a feat of travelogue and time travel, this unique book creates parallel stories with modern and historical characters, crossing cities worldwide, and capturing changes through time. Interweaving multiple narratives, histories, and futures, she charts the possible paths – formalized and serendipitous, lost and recovered – by which knowledge itself is translated and transmitted across time and cultures.
Over thirteen centuries, Baghdad has enjoyed both cultural and commercial pre-eminence, boasting artistic and intellectual sophistication and an economy once the envy of the world. It was here, in the time of the Caliphs, that the Thousand and One Nights were set. Yet it has also been a city of great hardships, beset by epidemics, famines, floods, and numerous foreign invasions which have brought terrible bloodshed. This is the history of its storytellers and its tyrants, of its philosophers and conquerors. Here, in the first new history of Baghdad in nearly 80 years, Justin Marozzi brings to life the whole tumultuous history of what was once the greatest capital on earth.
An account of the Mesopotamian campaign which includes an extensive description of the Battle of Dujaila fought on 8 March 1916, between British and Ottoman forces during the First World War.
The Saljuq period of the eleventh and twelfth centuries saw the arrival in Iran of Türkmen nomads from Central Asia and the beginning of Turkish rule. Through the example of the city of Isfahan, the book analyses the internal evolution of Iranian society in this period and the interaction of the Iranian elites and Turkish rulers. Drawing on an analysis of a wide range of sources, including poetic and epistolary material, this study fills an historiographical gap and casts new light on the two centuries prior to the Mongol invasion. This comprehensive analytical study provides a new contribution to the understanding of many crucial issues: the cultural divide between Western and Eastern Iran; the military potential of city-dwellers; the attitude of the Turkish rulers toward cities and city life; the action of the famous vizier Nizam al-Mulk; the meaning of the Ismaili uprising; and above all the structure of the local elite, organized into rival networks and largely autonomous vis-à-vis state powers. The study is enhanced by a variety of additional features, including extensive genealogical tables, Arabic script and maps. Providing a new understanding of the cultural identity of Iran, this book is an important contribution to the study of the history of Iran and the Medieval period.
Following the devastating Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258, the domination of the Abbasids declined leading to successor polities, chiefly among them the Ilkhanate in Greater Iran, Iraq and the Caucasus. Iranian cultural identities were reinstated within the lands that make up today's Iran, including the area of greater Khorasan. The Persian language gained unprecedented currency over Arabic and new buildings and manuscripts were produced for princely patrons with aspirations to don the Iranian crown of kingship. This new volume in “The Idea of Iran” series follows the complexities surrounding the cultural reinvention of Iran after the Mongol invasions, but the book is unique capturing not only the effects of Mongol rule but also the period following the collapse of Mongol-based Ilkhanid rule. By the mid-1330s the Ilkhanate in Iran was succeeded by alternative models of authority and local Iranian dynasties. This led to the proliferation of diverse and competing cultural, religious and political practices but so far scholarship has neglected to produce an analysis of this multifaceted history in any depth. Iran After the Mongols offers new and cutting-edge perspectives on what happened. Analysing the fourteenth century in its own right, Sussan Babaie and her fellow contributors capture the cultural complexity of an era that produced some of the most luminous masterpieces in Persian literature and the most significant new building work in Tabriz, Yazd, Herat and Shiraz. Featuring contributions by leading scholars, this is a wide-ranging treatment of an under-researched period and the volume will be essential reading for scholars of Iranian Studies and Middle Eastern History.
In the nineteenth century, the shrine cities of Najaf and Karbala in Ottoman Iraq emerged as the most important Shi'i centres of learning. In a major contribution to the study of pre-modern Middle Eastern religious institutions, Meir Litvak analyses the social and political dynamics of these communities. Tracing the historical evolution of Shi'i leadership, he explores the determinants of social status amongst the ulama, the concept of patronage, the structure of learning, questions of ethnicity, and financial matters. He also assesses the role of the ulama as communal leaders who, in the face of a hostile Sunni government in Baghdad, were often obliged to adopt a more quietest political stance than their counterparts in Iran. This is an important book which sheds light on the formation of contemporary Shi'ism and the surrounding debates.
In this collection of articles George Makdisi is, to start with, concerned with the growth, topography and local history of Baghdad. This is of interest in itself, as a study of one of the principal urban centres of the medieval world, but it also has a broader significance. For Baghdad, as the seat of the Abbasid caliphate and the centre of government, represents a microcosm of much of the Islamic world at that time: the rivalries between different rulers and their ministers and the conflicts between secular and religious authorities find their reflection in the physical structure of the city and in the writings of those who lived there. This theme of authority and power is then developed further in the second set of articles, concerned in particular with the relations between Caliph and Sultan after the arrival of the Seljuks.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1900 edition. Excerpt: ... 'Ammar, Gate, 226, 227. 'Ammuriyah, or Amorium, 275. 'Amr-ar-Rumi, street, 220. 'Amr ibn Sim'an, 91. 'Amud Canal, 62-4. Anbar Bridge, Canal, Gate, and Garden, 55,111,130-4, 307,310. Anbar Road, 55, 304. Anbar, town, 5, 12, 73, 194. Anbarite Mosque, 61. Ancient Market, Quarter, 90. Angle Bastion, 292. Ansar Bridge and Tank, 222, 223, 225. Arcades of the Round City, 25, 26, 44. Arch and Archway. See also under Tak. Archway, Gate of the, 218. Archway of the Artificer and of the Armourer, 284-8. Archway of the Harranian, 90, 'Arib, continuator of Tabari, 331. Armour in Firdus Palace, 257. Armourers' Archway, 286-8. Armoury in the Round City, 31. Arrayan, Spanish for myrtle, 271. Arrow-flight, distance of, 285. Artificer Archway, 284-6. Ashmuna, 209. 'Askar-al-Mahdi (Rusafah), 42, 189. Asma, palace of, 218. Ass, Cupola of the (E. B.), 254. Ass, Mound of the (W. B.), 78. 'Atikah Quarter, 90. 'Atiktyah Quarter, 139, 140. 'Atsh, 'thirst, ' not 'famine, ' in name of market, 224. 'Attab, great-grandson of Omay- yah, 138. 'Attabiyah, or 'Attabiyin Quarter, WIDENER LIBRARY Bab Suk-at-Tamr, 265, 266. Bab 'Uliayan, 276. Badr Gate and Badriyah Market, 270-2. Badr the Wazir and the Badriyah Mosque, 36. Baduraya District, 14, 50, 51, 315. Baghdad, advantages of site, 14; Assyrian city of this name, 9; city described by Ya'kubi and Ibn Serapion, 314; by Istakhrt andIbnHawkal,3i9;by Khatib, 323; by Ibn Jubayr, 332; by Y4kut, 335; by author of Mara- sid, 344; by Ibn Batutah, 346; by Hamd-Allah, 347; by Taver- nier, 348; by Niebuhr and Jones, 352; Eastern and Western Quarters, 169; etymology of Baghdad, 10; orientation of, arbitrary, 315; Sassanian Bagh- dad, 12; sieges, first, 303, 306- 10; second, 311--4; third, 327; fourth, 328-30; fifth, 340-3; size of...