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Socio-economic and political issues are dealt with selectively within a chronological historical framework, covering the dramatic colonial impact of 1940-60 until the present day. The state is examined from the point of view of social class as well as communalism, to explain the dominance of the ruling coalition over the 37 years since independence. The author argues that authoritarian-populism is the concept that best fits the apparent paradox of an enduring regime via the ballot box, and the extensive restrictions on the scope of democracy, particularly through the repressive apparatus of detention without trial. The underlying theme is a critique and explanation of Malaysia's human rights record.
"The Malaysian state boasts of economic buoyancy and political stability as one of the later, albeit smaller dragons to emerge in Southeast Asia, yet one which at first glance is not the authoritarian regime of Pinochet, for example. Understanding the nature of the state is the focus of this book: first, from a theoretical point of view to suggest that authoritarian populism is the most appropriate analytical concept with which to address this question, but also from a human rights perspective of class-based communal policies and the prolonged use of detention without trial. The serious consequences for the health democracy and the participatory rights of the people are spelled out at many different levels." "Failing Western economies often talk of imitating the Eastern approach to development. However, it is clear from this account that the outcome for the health of democracy and the rights of the people is not necessarily positive."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
The election on 9 May 2018 ended six decades of rule by the ruling coalition in Malaysia (Barisan Nasional or BN, formerly the Alliance). Despite this result, the BN’s longevity and resilience to competition is remarkable. This book explores the mechanisms behind the emergence, endurance, fight for survival and decline of the party’s dominance. Using a systematic analysis of key resources (budgets, posts, and seats), Washida challenges the conventional argument that a punitive threat to exclude opposition supporters from distributive benefits sustained the loyalty of the masses as well as the elites. He also calls into question whether the mere existence of party organization in and of itself enables leaders to credibly commit to power-sharing. Instead he posits a theory of mobilization agency, in which a party leader needs to design an effective incentive mechanism. In addition, he explains how the BN had manufactured legislative dominance by tactical gerrymandering and malapportionment. The insights drawn from the Malaysian case can help deepen our understanding of the rise and fall of authoritarian parties and distributive politics in general.
Introduction: Khoo Boo Teik and Francis Lob Kok Wah
This book is an innovative analysis of regime maintenance and transformation in Malaysia. It goes beyond familiar approaches centred on communal politics, or the corporate workings of Malaysia Inc., to stress the importance of power maintenance - tracing a path from consociational bargaining to authoritarian UMNO dominance, to Dr Mahathir's personal dominance. The author has synthesized a diverse range of sources, and in particular made insightful use of interviews with nearly all the key actors. The analysis is up-to-date, including the dramatic challenge to Dr Mahathir's dominance associated with his sacking of deputy Anwar Ibrahim following the Asian economic crisis.
Bringing together a group of both international and Malaysian scholars, this book offers an up-to-date and broad analysis of the contemporary state of Malaysian politics and society. Transcending disciplinary boundaries, it offers a look at Malaysian politics not only through the lens of political science but also anthropology, cultural studies, international relations, political economy and legal studies touching on both overlooked topics in Malaysian political life as well as the emerging trends which will shape Malaysia's future. Covering silat martial arts, Malaysia's constitutional identity, emergency legislation, the South China Sea dilemma, ISIS discourse, zakat payment, the fallout from the 1MDB scandal and Malaysia's green movement, Illusions of Democracy charts the complex and multi-faceted nature of political life in a semi-authoritarian state, breaking down the illusions which keep it functioning, to uncover the mechanisms which really underlie the paradoxical longevity of Malaysia's political, economic and social system.