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The establishment and maintenance of public roads were among the most important functions of the county court during the colonial period in Virginia. Each road was opened and maintained by an overseer (or surveyor) of the highways, who was appointed each
The establishment and maintenance of public roads were among the most important functions of the county court during the colonial period in Virginia. Each road was opened and maintained by an overseer (or surveyor) of the highways, who was appointed each year by the Gentlemen Justices. The overseer was usually assigned all the able-bodied men (the "Labouring Male Tithables") living on or near the road. These laborers then furnished their own tools, wagons, and teams and were required to work on the roads for six days each year. County court records relating to roads and transportation are collectively known as "road orders." The Virginia Transportation Research Council's published volumes of road orders and related materials contain not only information on early roads, but also the names of inhabitants who lived and worked along the roadways, plantations, farms, landmarks, landforms, and bodies of water. This volume is the nineteenth entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, initiated by the Virginia Transportation Research Council (then the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council) in 1973. Augusta County Road Orders 1745-1769 is also the first volume of published road orders to be concerned wholly with territory west of the Blue Ridge, although portions of the Shenandoah Valley were covered by a previous publication, Orange County Road Orders 1734-1749, which included the period the territory was part of Orange County, prior to 1745.
A Virginia law of 1738 required that all crossroads be marked by posts of directions. Most of these signs were made of wood and have not survived. But some roads in Virginia featured more permanent forms of markers: directional signs and mileposts made of stone. This practice continued until the early 20th century, and a few late markers were rendered in concrete. Use of these markers died out around the 1920s, when standardized highway signs began to appear. A few early stone highway markers still survive in their original locations. Some stones were moved by well-intentioned individuals or groups attempting to preserve or protect the stones against real or perceived threats. Other stones were moved by souvenir hunters or by people seeking building or landscaping stone. Many more were lost because of intentional vandalism or simply because their significance was not recognized or appreciated. Research carried out by the Virginia Transportation Research Council identified more than 40 early road stones and related cultural resources. This report brings the survey data together in a single publication. The information in this volume will provide readily accessible information on the general history of this resource type, as well as data on the extant early road stones, milestones, and related objects in Virginia. Having this information available will benefit and facilitate cultural resource research relating to projects in the vicinity of these resources and will prevent project delays that might be caused by a lack of this information. Virginia Department of Transportation personnel and consultants will save numerous hours by having the information at hand. A very conservative estimate of the cost savings to the Virginia Department of Transportation in personnel time, avoided consultant costs, and avoided project delays is between $10,000 and $20,000 per year, or between $50,000 and $100,000 over a 5-year period.
James Dobbins'(b. 1740, Ireland) story begins in Augusta Co., Va. James and Elizabeth (Stephenson) Dobbins spent their formative years, were married, and began their family. Their sons, Robert Boyd and John, were b. 1783 &'85. The family migrated to Abbeville & Pendleton, SC. James & Elizabeth had seven children. Four daughters and their husbands were: Mary w/John H. Morris (emigrated to Franklin Co., TN), Elizabeth w/George H. Hillhouse (emig. to Giles Co. & Lawrence Co., TN), Sarah w/Hugh F. Callaham (emig. to St. Clair Co., Ala.), Jane w/George Liddell (emig. to Noxubee Co. & Winston Co., MS). Their last-born, James, Jr., b. 1790, died young at home. They & their spouses' families were Scotch-Irish settlers in backcountry of SC. Ten families representing two generations were pioneers and products of history, geography, and culture of frontiers in SC. Six children migrated west, north, & south to new frontiers. Grandchildren of James & Elizabeth became the third Dobbins generation at farther frontiers.
The road history projects undertaken by the Virginia Transportation Research Council establish the feasibility of studies of early road networks and their use in the environmental review process. These projects, by gathering and publishing the early road orders of the vast parent counties, also lay the foundation for additional research by local groups over a broad area of Virginia. This volume marks the twenty-fifth entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, first initiated by the Virginia Transportation Research Council (then the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council) in 1973. Fincastle County Road Orders 1773-1776 is a cooperative effort of the Virginia Transportation Research Council and the New River Historical Society. This volume furthers the coverage of early western Virginia transportation records begun in the previously published Orange County Road Orders 1734-1749, Augusta County Road Orders 1745-1769, and Botetourt County Road Orders 1770-1778. This project covers the entire period of Fincastle County's existence, during which time the county covered much of present day southwest Virginia. This information will eliminate the need for further research into the Fincastle County road order records. If questions arise about early roads once a Virginia Department of Transportation road improvement project is already underway (or nearly underway), primary historical research of this nature can take 6 to 12 months to complete. Therefore, this study can be a source of potentially significant cost savings for VDOT, including the avoided costs of project delays and consultant costs for cultural resource studies should questions arise.
A progressive record of the daily life of the early settlers of Augusta County, Virginia.
The road history projects undertaken by the Virginia Transportation Research Council establish the feasibility of studies of early road networks and their use in the environmental review process. These projects, by gathering and publishing the early road orders of the vast parent counties, also lay the foundation for additional research by local groups over a broad area of Virginia. This volume marks the twenty-fourth entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, first initiated by the Virginia Transportation Research Council (then the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council) in 1973. Botetourt County Road Orders 1770-1778 expands the coverage of early western Virginia transportation records begun in the previously published Orange County Road Orders 1734-1749 and Augusta County Road Orders 1745-1769. This information will eliminate the need for further research into the Botetourt County road order records of 1770-1778. If questions arise about early roads once a VDOT road improvement project is already underway (or nearly underway), primary historical research of this nature can take 6 to 12 months to complete. Therefore, this study can be a source of potentially significant cost savings for VDOT, including the avoided costs of project delays and avoided consultant costs for cultural resource studies should questions arise.
The road history projects undertaken by the Virginia Transportation Research Council establish the feasibility of studies of early road networks and their use in the environmental review process. These projects, by gathering and publishing the early road orders of the vast parent counties, also lay the foundation for additional research by local groups over a broad area of Virginia. This volume marks the twenty-third entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, first initiated by the Virginia Transportation Research Council (then the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council) in 1973. Frederick County Road Orders 1743-1772 expands the coverage of early western Virginia transportation records begun in the previously published Orange County Road Orders 1734-1749 and Augusta County Road Orders 1745-1769. This information will eliminate the need for further research into the Frederick County road order records of 1743-1772. If questions arise about early roads once a VDOT road improvement project is already underway (or nearly underway), primary historical research of this nature can take six to twelve months to complete. Therefore, this study can be a source of potentially significant cost savings for VDOT, including both the avoided costs of project delays and avoided consultant costs for cultural resource studies should questions arise.
The road history projects undertaken by the Virginia Transportation Research Council establish the feasibility of studies of early road networks and their use in the environmental review process. These projects, by gathering and publishing the early road orders of the vast parent counties, also lay the foundation for additional research by local groups over a broad area of Virginia. This volume marks the 26th entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, first initiated by the Virginia Transportation Research Council (then the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council) in 1973. Montgomery County Road Orders 1773-1776 is the second cooperative effort of the Virginia Transportation Research Council and the New River Historical Society (following Fincastle County Road Orders 1773-1776, which was published in 2007). This volume furthers the coverage of early western Virginia transportation records begun in the previously published Orange County Road Orders 1734-1749, Augusta County Road Orders 1745-1769, Botetourt County Road Orders 1770-1778, and Fincastle County Road Orders 1773-1776. This project covers the first three decades of Montgomery County's existence, during which time the county covered much of present day southwest Virginia. This information will eliminate the need for further research into the early Montgomery County road order records. If questions arise about early roads once a VDOT road improvement project is already underway (or nearly underway), primary historical research of this nature can take 6 to 12 months to complete. Therefore, this study can be a source of potentially significant cost savings for VDOT, including the avoided costs of project delays and avoided consultant costs for cultural resource studies should questions arise.
The road history projects undertaken by the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research (formerly the Virginia Transportation Research Council) establish the feasibility of studies of early road networks and their use in the environmental review process. These projects, by gathering and publishing the early road orders of the vast parent counties, also lay the foundation for additional research by local groups over a broad area of Virginia. This volume marks the 27th entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, first initiated by the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council (subsequently the Virginia Transportation Research Council, and now the Virginia Center for Innovation and Research) in 1973. New Kent County Road Orders 1684-1758 expands the coverage of early central Tidewater transportation records begun in the previously published New Kent County and Hanover County Road Orders 1706-1743. This project covers the surviving transportation records from the end of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century for a significant parent county of Virginia's central Tidewater region. During the late 17th century and early 18th century, the area covered in this volume included much of modern New Kent County, portions of King William County and Hanover County, and a small portion of James City County. This information will eliminate the need for further research into the early New Kent County road order records. If questions arise about early roads once a VDOT road improvement project is already under way (or nearly under way), primary historical research of this nature can take 6 to 12 months to complete. Therefore, this study can be a source of potentially significant cost savings for VDOT, including the avoided costs of project delays and avoided consultant costs for cultural resource studies should questions arise.