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Family planning programs have been highly successful over the past 30 years in providing women in developing countries with desired access to contraceptive services and helping to reduce fertility rates. Notwithstanding this success, there is still an urgent need for these programs. The world's population is increasing, with annual population growth still approximately 80 million people. Nearly all of this growth is occurring in developing nations, where fertility rates remain relatively high. This high fertility runs counter to the preferences expressed by millions of women, who actually want to have smaller families. Family planning programs are also desirable because they are associated with a range of other benefits, most notably improvements in women's and children's health. Host countries provide about 60 to 75 percent of funding for family planning. However, funding and technical assistance from donor nations, especially the United States, have been crucial to the past success of family planning programs and are equally important for strengthening and expanding program efforts to meet future challenges.
This book analyzes the origins and rationale of family planning programs and how they have evolved based on experience in different country settings.
This paper traces the sources of assistance for family planning & other "population" programs from developed countries & the flow of assistance through principal "channel" organizations to developing countries. The paper discusses why developing countries seek & why developed countries offer population assistance, focusing on official views of how population growth & high fertility affect economic development, environment, maternal & child health, & women's welfare. It explains why some countries are reluctant to seek or provide more population assistance. It analyzes what population assistance does to extend reliable & affordable family planning services & information & to improve understanding of population growth, its causes, & consequences. It summarizes current population policies & family planning programs in major regions of the Third World & discusses the role of assistance. The paper brings out comparative advantages of principal organizations providing population assistance. Finally, the paper discusses the evolution of "policy issues" affecting population assistance, especially donors' concern for "demand" for family planning, cost-effectiveness of family planning services, safety and voluntarism.