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La aparición de Internet a finales del siglo XX supuso un punto de inflexión dentro de la historia contemporánea de la humanidad, todo un acontecimiento que ha tenido un gran impacto en nuestra sociedad y ha marcado el desarrollo tecnológico de los últimos años. Los derechos de autor no han sido indiferentes a esta revolución, pasando de un modelo clásico marcado por la reproducción tradicional de obras en soportes analógicos a un modelo digital caracterizado por la gran variedad de formatos disponibles. En este nuevo entorno, en el que la velocidad de transmisión de datos y un potencial mercado global a escalas sin precedentes son las notas dominantes, resulta imprescindible establecer un marco jurídico claro y preciso para la difusión de contenidos que otorgue seguridad tanto a los autores como a los usuarios y proteja la diversidad y proliferación cultural. Esta obra se ha desarrollado a través de distintos procedimientos interrelacionados de investigación doctrinal con base bibliográfica en libros y revistas especializadas de diversa cronología; así como un análisis de la jurisprudencia nacional e internacional, con particular interés en las resoluciones del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y su interpretación de las disposiciones contenidas en la Directiva 2001/29/CE; y un examen de los diversos textos legislativos nacionales, internacionales y comunitarios relativos a Propiedad Intelectual. El libro se inicia con el estudio histórico-jurídico de la transición llevada a cabo desde el método tradicional de puesta a disposición de obras hasta el actual sistema digital, examinando las circunstancias y decisiones legislativas tomadas con la finalidad de obtener una interpretación objetiva de los preceptos relativos a la explotación de obras y prestaciones a través de las redes digitales. Posteriormente se efectúa un análisis jurídico del conjunto de la legislación vigente en la materia, así como el aplicable a diversos tipos de obra de reciente creación, y proceder al entendimiento de los diversos procedimientos existentes en la divulgación de obras en el ciberespacio.
This volume is an updated and revised version of the General Course on Public International Law delivered by the Author at The Hague Academy of International Law in 2005. Professor Cançado Trindade, Doctor honoris causa of seven Latin American Universities in distinct countries, was for many years Judge of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and President of that Court for half a decade (1999-2004). He is currently Judge of the International Court of Justice; he is also Member of the Curatorium of The Hague Academy of International Law, as well as of the Institut de Droit International, and of the Brazilian Academy of Juridical Letters.
This book was published in 2003.This book offers a broad and incisive analysis of the governance of privacy protection with regard to personal information in contemporary advanced industrial states. Based on research across many countries, it discusses the goals of privacy protection policy and the changing discourse surrounding the privacy issue, concerning risk, trust and social values. It analyzes at length the contemporary policy instruments that together comprise the inventory of possible solutions to the problem of privacy protection. It argues that privacy protection depends upon an integration of these instruments, but that any country's efforts are inescapably linked with the actions of others that operate outside its borders. The book concludes that, in a ’globalizing’ world, this regulatory interdependence could lead either to a search for the highest possible standard of privacy protection, or to competitive deregulation, or to a more complex outcome reflecting the nature of the issue and its policy responses.
This substantially revised second edition evaluates the Directive on Copyright in the Information Society and its interpretation by the European Court of Justice in the light of its implementation and application in the EU's 28 member states. Following the initial implementation of the Directive, many member states have enacted further legislation to supplement or refine their earlier implementation: this edition will take these important developments into account. Providing a snapshot of the status quo of copyright protection in the member states, this book is an indispensable tool for the national implementation of the newly adopted Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single MarketKey features of the updated second edition include:* Chapters authored by experts from all 28 member states, providing detailed analysis on how the Directive has been implemented and applied on a national level* Contextual chapters on the relevant WIPO treaties and the Directive that highlight areas of discretion left to national legislators* Updated review of the European Court's case law that serves to interpret the Directive* Expanded Foreword by Dr Jörg Reinbothe, the architect of the Directive.Combining practical information on implementation of the Directive with the latest academic research this book will be of great value to policy makers, practising lawyers and researchers alike. The book will be of particular interest for the further development of copyright in the Digital Single Market since it captures the status quo of copyright protection in the member states at a decisive moment in the legislative debate.
This publication provides an overview of the common and unique sustainability elements of Indigenous Peoples' food systems, in terms of natural resource management, access to the market, diet diversity, indigenous peoples’ governance systems, and links to traditional knowledge and indigenous languages. While enhancing the learning on Indigenous Peoples food systems, it will raise awareness on the need to enhance the protection of Indigenous Peoples' food systems as a source of livelihood for the 476 million indigenous inhabitants in the world, while contributing to the Zero Hunger Goal. In addition, the UN Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016-2025) and the UN Food Systems Summit call on the enhancement of sustainable food systems and on the importance of diversifying diets with nutritious foods, while broadening the existing food base and preserving biodiversity. This is a feature characteristic of Indigenous Peoples' food systems since hundreds of years, which can provide answers to the current debate on sustainable food systems and resilience.
This third edition of Collective Management of Copyright and Related Rights presents an in-depth revision with invaluable updates on the different systems, legislative options and best practices of CMOs worldwide. As with previous editions, the book is written to reach a wide audience, with a special focus on questions that might emerge for governments as they prepare, adopt and apply collective management norms and regulations. The edition also sheds light on new copyright and related rights developments, including digital, technological and business trends, from all over the world. Additionally, there is detailed discussion on topics such as aspects of competition, national treatment, and different models of collective management.
Based on twenty case studies of universities worldwide, and on a survey administered to leaders in 101 universities, this open access book shows that, amidst the significant challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, universities found ways to engage with schools to support them in sustaining educational opportunity. In doing so, they generated considerable innovation, which reinforced the integration of the research and outreach functions of the university. The evidence suggests that universities are indeed open systems, in interaction with their environment, able to discover changes that can influence them and to change in response to those changes. They are also able, in the success of their efforts to mitigate the educational impact of the pandemic, to create better futures, as the result of the innovations they can generate. This challenges the view of universities as "ivory towers" being isolated from the surrounding environment and detached from local problems. As they reached out to schools, universities not only generated clear and valuable innovations to sustain educational opportunity and to improve it, this process also contributed to transform internal university processes in ways that enhanced their own ability to deliver on the third mission of outreach
This wide-ranging volume looks at the reception history of the Bible's many texts; Part I surveys the outline, form, and content of twelve key biblical books that have been influential in the history of interpretation. Part II offers a series of in-depth case studies of the interpretation of particular biblical passages or books.