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Many individual aspects of the dynamics and assembly of biological membranes have been studied in great detail. Cell biological approaches, advanced genetics, biophysics and biochemistry have greatly contributed to an increase in our knowledge in this field.lt is obvious however, that the three major membrane constituents - lipids, proteins and carbohydrates- are studied, in most cases separately and that a coherent overview of the various aspects of membrane biogenesis is not readily available. The NATO Advanced Study Institute on "New Perspectives in the Dynamics of Assembly of Biomembranes" intended to provide such an overview: it was set up to teach students and specialists the achievements obtained in the various research areas and to try and integrate the numerous aspects of membrane assembly into a coherent framework. The articles in here reflect this. Statting with detailed contributions on phospholipid structure, dynamics, organization and biogenesis, an up to date overview of the basic, lipidic backbone of biomembranes is given. Extensive progress is made in the research on membrane protein biosynthesis. In particular the post- and co-translational modification processes of proteins, the mechanisms of protein translocation and the sorting mechanisms which are necessary to direct proteins to their final, intra - or extracellular destination have been characterized in detail. Modern genetic approaches were indispensable in this research area: gene cloning, hybrid protein construction, site directed mutagenesis and sequencing techniques elucidated many functional aspects of specific nucleic acid and amino acid sequences.
Concise chapters, written by experts in the field, cover a wide spectrum of topics on lipid and membrane formation in microbes (Archaea, Bacteria, eukaryotic microbes).All cells are delimited by a lipid membrane, which provides a crucial boundary in any known form of life. Readers will discover significant chapters on microbial lipid-carrying biomolecules and lipid/membrane-associated structures and processes.
This book describes advanced studies in cell-free synthetic biology, an emerging biotechnology that focuses on cell-free protein synthesis and cell-free systems for fundamental and industrial research in areas such as genetic circuit design, small-molecule synthesis, complicated-macromolecule synthesis, unnatural-macromolecule synthesis, high-throughput screening, artificial cells, and biomaterials. Cell-free synthetic biology is now an integral part of developing fields like nanotechnology, materials science, and personalized medicine. The book discusses the main research directions in the development of cell-free systems, as well as a number of applications of cell-free synthetic biology, ranging from structural biology to the human health industry. It is intended for students and researchers in life sciences, synthetic biology, bioengineering, and chemical engineering.
Advances in Peptide and Peptidomimetic Design Inspiring Basic Science and Drug Discovery is a book dedicated to Prof. Victor J. Hruby on the occasion of his 80th birthday. This book includes twenty contributions from authors representing diverse multidisciplinary fields of scientific expertise, and is focused on the extraordinary potential of peptides and peptidomimetics as a surging therapeutic modality and as tools for basic research and technology development.
Novel Approaches and Strategies for Biologics, Vaccines and Cancer Therapies takes a look at the current strategies, successes and challenges involved with the development of novel formulations of biologics, vaccines and cancer therapy. This thorough reference on the latest trends in the development of diverse modalities will appeal to a broad community of scientists, students and clinicians. Written by leading authors across academia and industry, this book covers important topics such as unique drug delivery devices, non-parenteral delivery trends, novel approaches to the treatment of cancer, immunotherapy and more. It includes real-world cases and examples which highlight formulations with therapeutic proteins, monoclonal antibodies, peptides and biobetters, as well as cases on novel vaccines formulations including evolving pathogens, novel modalities of vaccines, universal vaccines. This book is a thorough and useful resource on the development of novel biologics, vaccines and cancer therapies. - Provides strategies for the development of safe and efficacious novel formulations for various modalities of biologics, vaccines and for cancer therapy - Highlights novel cases from current clinical trials as well as marketed products - Reviews overall successes and challenges in the development of novel formulations, including new molecular targets for the treatment of diseases, design of target-specific therapies, regulatory considerations, individualized therapies
Experts investigate the biochemical and biomedical aspects of cholesterol, addressing its metabolism in normal and disease states. They discuss a broad range of topics, including key steps in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, and the role of cholesterol in cancer, atherosclerosis, and diseases of the nervous system. The book's comprehensive coverage also includes the pathological consequences and potential therapies for various disease states, and the development of new anti-atherogenic drugs.
Established almost 30 years ago, Methods in Microbiology is the most prestigious series devoted to techniques and methodology in the field. Now totally revamped, revitalized, with a new format and expanded scope, Methods in Microbiology will continue to provide you with tried and tested, cutting-edge protocols to directly benefit your research. - Focuses on the methods most useful for the microbiologist interested in the way in which bacteria cause disease - Includes section devoted to 'Approaches to characterising pathogenic mechanisms' by Stanley Falkow - Covers safety aspects, detection, identification and speciation - Includes techniques for the study of host interactions and reactions in animals and plants - Describes biochemical and molecular genetic approaches - Essential methods for gene expression and analysis - Covers strategies and problems for disease control
For human health, leishmaniasis is among the most important protozoan diseases, superseded only by malaria. Globally, 10 to 12 million people are infected with 1.5 million new cases every year. The development of cheaper new drugs is urgently needed for this neglected disease that is developing resistance to current treatments. Chemotherapy remains the only treatment option for the bulk of patients. However, this is largely unaffordable for most. In the past three years numerous advances in drug discovery have been made for treating this disease by exploiting diverging metabolic pathways between the Leishmania enzymes and their hosts, using nanotechnology to target the immune cell phagolysosomes where Leishmania resides. Drug Discovery for Leishmaniasis aims to provide a perspective of the current treatments and their challenges, blended with the emerging strategies and methodologies that will drive new target appraisals and drug developments, as well as addressing the molecular basis of resistance in Leishmania. Recent studies have shown that leishmaniasis affects some of the poorest people in the world, with 95% of fatal cases occurring in only 6 countries. With the WHO goal of eliminating this public health problem in the South-east Asia Region by 2020, this book will be important for anyone who is interested in neglected tropical diseases.
Carbohydrate Chemistry is an invaluable volume demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature of modern carbohydrate research and containing analysed, evaluated and distilled information on the latest research in the area.