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This United States Army manual, Army Techniques Publication ATP 4-11 Army Motor Transport Operations August 2020, is the Army's doctrine for the use of motor transport in support of unified land operations. The doctrine in ATP 4-11 is nested with FM 3-0, Operations, and FM 4-0, Sustainment Operations. The four functions of Army transportation are movement control, intermodal operations, mode operations, and theater distribution. Army transportation uses various surface and air modes (for example, truck, lighterage, railcar, and aircraft), to transport units, personnel, equipment, and various classes of supply to support unified land operations. The focus of ATP 4-11 is to discuss motor transport operations. Motor transport is the most flexible of all the surface and air modes of transport. Motor transport operations are broad in scope and are conducted both intertheater and intratheater, from the strategic support area in the continental United States (CONUS) to the front line of troops in a theater. Motor transport fulfills movement requirements for activities that include tactical mobility, sustainment mobility, personnel replacements, and casualty evacuation. It serves as the link between the other modes in support of large-scale combat operations as far forward as possible, enabling operational reach, freedom of action, and endurance. ATP 4-11 contains 3 chapters and 14 appendices: Chapter 1 discusses the fundamentals of motor transport operations. It provides the audience an overview of motor transport, the operational environment in which Army motor transport operations could occur, and the principles and tenets that guide Army motor transportation operations. It also discusses motor transport in support of unified land operations. Chapter 2 discusses the mission, composition and description of truck companies at echelons above and below the brigade combat team level. Finally, this chapter provides information on the roles and responsibilities of personnel assigned to motor transport units. Chapter 3 discusses motor transport planning and operations. It discusses command roles in transportation asset allocation, tactical operations that affect motor transport planning consideration, planning for motor truck transportation, motor truck in support of distribution operations, methods of distribution operations, accountability of transportation assets, and maintenance services, as these relate to Army motor transport operations. Appendix A describes select Army sustainment organizations and the relationships with transportation units. Appendix B describes procedures for organization and operation of a truck company area. Appendix C provides procedures and responsibilities for leadership to supervise preventive maintenance. Appendix D provides procedures for operators and leaders to use to evaluate road networks. Appendix E describes road movement planning, planning factors, and roles and responsibilities for commanders and special staffs. Appendix F provides roles and responsibilities for unit training on vehicle loads and cargo loading. Appendix G provides procedures for manual reports and control of motor transport equipment. Appendix H describes procedures on convoy control and convoy operations. Appendix I describes procedures for CONUS convoy military operations. Appendix J describes the automation information systems used to provide asset visibility. Appendix K provides vehicle weight scales for moving truck convoys over CONUS public highways. Appendix L provides actions and procedures to a transportation company for survivability in large-scale combat operations. Appendix M provides a conversion table for calculation of liquid and weight conversion of United States units to metric units and vice versa. Appendix N provides a brief overview on the use of semi-autonomous vehicle technology, such as leader- follower.
The mission of the United States Army is to fight and win our nation's wars by providing prompt, sustained land dominance across the full range of military operations and spectrum of conflict in support of combatant commanders. Accomplishing this mission rests on the ability of the Army to equip and move its forces to the battle and sustain them while they are engaged. Logistics provides the backbone for Army combat operations. Without fuel, ammunition, rations, and other supplies, the Army would grind to a halt. The U.S. military must be prepared to fight anywhere on the globe and, in an era of coalition warfare, to logistically support its allies. While aircraft can move large amounts of supplies, the vast majority must be carried on ocean going vessels and unloaded at ports that may be at a great distance from the battlefield. As the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq have shown, the costs of convoying vast quantities of supplies is tallied not only in economic terms but also in terms of lives lost in the movement of the materiel. As the ability of potential enemies to interdict movement to the battlefield and interdict movements in the battlespace increases, the challenge of logistics grows even larger. No matter how the nature of battle develops, logistics will remain a key factor. Force Multiplying Technologies for Logistics Support to Military Operations explores Army logistics in a global, complex environment that includes the increasing use of antiaccess and area-denial tactics and technologies by potential adversaries. This report describes new technologies and systems that would reduce the demand for logistics and meet the demand at the point of need, make maintenance more efficient, improve inter- and intratheater mobility, and improve near-real-time, in-transit visibility. Force Multiplying Technologies also explores options for the Army to operate with the other services and improve its support of Special Operations Forces. This report provides a logistics-centric research and development investment strategy and illustrative examples of how improved logistics could look in the future.