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Little comparative knowledge exists on how the radical transformations that constitute the late 20th century’s ‘era of globalization’ have affected gender relations and their particular structural manifestation on the labour market, thereby neglecting a core element of the changes and problems currently underway. This book analyses how converging tendencies in the life courses and employment careers of men and women interfere with developments of increasing diversity and instability, both within and between sexes, as economies move from ‘industrial’ to ‘global’. Using the shifting welfare regimes of West Germany and Denmark as illustrative evidence of how national context ‘genders’ the risks and chances associated with globalisation and increasing employment flexibility, this study provides a timely, comprehensive longitudinal analysis of the gendered career consequences of recent political and economic change.
The study of continuities and discon-tinuties in American working-class life represents a central concern in the literature on stratification and equality. This book, based on a 1975 Ford Foundation conference and updated to take into account the most recent developments, offers a sobering appraisal of the American working class, revealing the continuing gap between organized and unorganized workers despite the huge increase in the work force; the emergence of subclass structures between factory workers at one end and workers engaged in marginal occupations at the other; and the durability of pluralistic, multiclass politics within this large and amorphous working class. The volume is unique for several reasons: it focuses directly on the role of women in the labor force, ethnic and racial divisions within the working class, and the place of organized labor in international affairs. The American Working CJass Today offers a penetrating and wide-ranging examination by leading social and political researchers of a range of problems -- from how data are collected and manipulated to what the future holds for American workers. Contents and Contributors: THE THEORY OF AN AMERICAN WORKING CLASS John H.M. Laslett, S.M. Miller, Martha Bush, Irving Louis Horowitz CLEAVAGES AND CHANGES WITHIN THE WORKING CLASS Edna Bonacich, Gabriel Kolko, Edna E. Raphael. Robert Bibb, Martin Oppenheimer, Frank Riessman, John C. Leggett THE WORKING CLASS IN AN INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT Henry Berger. William H. Form, Helen Icken Safa, Elizabeth Jelin
This volume contains new and innovative research articles on issues related to gender convergence in the labor market. Topics include patterns in lifetime work, earnings and human capital investment, the gender wage gap, gender complementarities, career progression, the gender composition of top management and the role of parental leave policies.
It was part of common wisdom that in the early stages of development inequality would rise, but it would, eventually, decline. As time passed and growth persisted, inequality has, however, continued to grow, casting doubt on the received wisdom.
How does professional education for future social workers and social pedagogues in one country compare with other countries? What happened in Germany, Denmark and French-speaking Belgium during the years 1989-2004, starting with the year when an EU Directive laid down common rules for the mutual recognition of higher education qualifications? And which lessons may English and British academics, policy-makers, employers and unionists draw from this European material? Are social work and social pedagogy bound to converge as they did in Germany? Or are there Alternatives to Convergence? Did professional education in the countries examined show signs of Europeanisation? These are some of the questions which readers will be able to explore in this book.\pAfter working in the European Commission (Sport Unit) (2001-14) Jacob Kornbeck recently joined the Secretariat of the European Data Protection Supervisor (Policy and Consultation Unit). His part-time research interests cover a range of policy areas, often involving transnational comparisons. Apart from social work and social pedagogy he has written and lectured on various aspects of sports policy, in particular anti-doping and athletes' rights, as well as health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). Jacob holds degrees from German and British universities. This book is the slightly reworked text of his doctoral thesis (University of London). Following Inspiration from Brussels: the European Union and Sport (published by EHV Academic Press in 2013), this is his second book.\p
This book brings together policymakers, high-level practitioners, academics, and experts from central banks and international institutions in order to review key policy challenges for convergence in the region of central, eastern and south-eastern Europe. Contributions focus especially on inflation, growth, migration and the balance of payments.
This 1978 study examines the new working class of scientists, white collar professionals, and technicians that has emerged in advanced in industrial societies and considers its role in the political process. Professor Low-Beer examines the lives of a sample group of Italian electronics technicians, as theirs had been the most militant profession in Italy. Although Low-Beer warns against quick conclusions regarding the broader political significance of such desires, vivid quotations from interviews illustrate the principal longing indicated by his statistical analyses: for more control over work situation. Whilst describing the lifestyles and class imagery among the technicians, the author compares them to other groups, and concludes that strike participation is to be explained by the political backgrounds of workers, and only secondarily by organizational factors. Professor Low-Beer also analyses the significance of the increase that had occurred in the number of professionals in technical professions for the future of politics and industrial conflict.
Trends in fertility decline, intergenerational relations, religion and secularization, ecological movements, employment and labour-market changes, personal authority, and social conflict are examined. This analysis shows an unmistakable convergence of social trends except in the domain of religion. But when the interconnection of these trends within each national society is examined, unexpected divergences are revealed. There are parallel trends in demography, organization of production, national institutions, social practices, and life style, and divergent trends in social inequality, social movements, and local institutions. Barriers between social classes have eroded and something that might be called multidimensional stratification has emerged, the diminution of violence in social conflicts implies an increasing volume of negotiation, and all forms of personal authority have been weakened. The transformation of the family structure is no doubt one of the most important changes in western civilization. The cross-national analyses of recent social trends help us to assess both convergence and divergence and to identify emergent singularities. Does convergence of trends mean these societies face a common destiny? With respect to trends so strong that they act as exogenous variables, the answer is yes. However, with respect to the responses those trends elicit in the context of a particular society, the answer is no. Massive convergence of trends does not mean that societies face a uniform future.
In this volume a distinguished team of international contributors consider some of the central long-term issues raised by the problem of income distribution. The Kuznets curve--i.e. the notion that income distribution became increasingly unequal during the period of industrialization, and progressively less unequal during the twentieth century--lies at the center of much of the analysis, and its relevance is discussed in a wide-ranging series of articles covering the British, Belgian, German, Australian, Austrian and American experiences. This volume is the first in many years to take such a broad, comparative approach to income distribution, and makes an important and authoritative contribution to an area of perennial debate.