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Historical and archaeological records show that racism and white supremacy defined the social fabric of the northeastern states as much as they did the Deep South. This collection of essays looks at both new sites and well-known areas to explore race, resistance, and supremacy in the region. With essays covering farm communities and cities from the early seventeenth century to the late nineteenth century, the contributors examine the marginalization of minorities and use the material culture to illustrate the significance of race in understanding daily life. Drawing on historical resources and critical race theory, they highlight the context of race at these sites, noting the different experiences of various groups, such as African American and Native American communities. This cutting-edge research turns with new focus to the dynamics of race and racism in early American life and demonstrates the coming of age of racialization studies.
Article abstracts and citations of reviews and dissertations covering the United States and Canada.
Literally hundreds of Virginia buildings of architectural or historical interest have vanished. Most were demolished or burned, while others were abandoned as populations and needs shifted. The consequence is that important models of architectural accomplishment and key symbols of human aspiration and achievement have disappeared and are largely forgotten. Lost Virginia is an effort to document and reconstruct the appearance of Virginia architecture in earlier times, when the nation's destiny and history were intimately tied to the Old Dominion's landscape and buildings. It seeks to recover, at least on paper, an impression of our lost architectural heritage. Organized into categories of domestic, civic, religious, and commercial buildings, the more than three hundred vanished structures illustrated within include slave pens in Alexandria, George Washington's singular sixteen-sided barn, a one-room schoolhouse in Greene County, and the 18th-century Valley homes--long mistaken for forts--of German-speaking settlers. Soldiers in both blue and gray tramped by the now-lost Rockingham County courthouse, and a cathedral-like federal post office in Roanoke joins Rockbridge County's fantastic Alleghany Hotel on the list of exceptional but short-lived buildings. Also documented are creations like Frank Lloyd Wright's Larkin Company Pavilion, destroyed just months after it had been erected for the Jamestown Tercentennial Exhibition, and the Thomas Jefferson-designed Barboursville in Orange County. --jacket.
This book discusses the daily life and culture of enslaved Africans and their descendants. Enslaved Africans and their descendants comprised a significant portion of colonial Virginia populations, with most living on rural slave quarters adjacent to the agricultural fields in which they labored. Archaeological excavations into these home sites have provided unique windows into the daily lifeways and culture of these early inhabitants. subfloor pits be-neath the houses. The most common explanations of the functions of these pits are as storage places for personal belongings or root vegetables, and some contextual and ethnohistoric data suggest they may have served as West African-style shrines. Through analysis of 103 subfloor pits dating from the 17th through mid-19th centuries, Samford reveals how data on shape, location, surface area, and depth, as well as contextual analysis of artifact assemblages, can show how subfloor pits functioned for the enslaved. Archaeology reveals the material circumstances of slaves' lives, which in turn opens the door to illuminating other aspects of life: spirituality, symbolic meanings assigned to material goods, social life, individual and group agency, and acts of resistance and accommodation. about how West African, possibly Igbo, cultural traditions were maintained and transformed in the Virginia Chesapeake.