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Founded by Robert Beckand, Rens Muis and Pieter Vos in 1997, the Rotterdam-based graphic design studio 75B has designed everything from Nike posters and museum logos to books, magazines, flyers, cards, exhibitions and full-scale architectural interventions. Initially famed for their design work in European youth and music culture, the studio also spans the world of design and art, having exhibited artwork internationally (in 2006 they were artists in residence at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena). In 2009 Beckand left the studio and Muis and Vos continued working together, developing a style that has been described as "conceptual, simple, no-nonsense, ironical and tongue-in-cheek." Omitting the competition- winning house style designs and logos, The Work of 75B highlights the firm's more experimental projects--works that may not have direct applications or clients.
This title provides a succinct, readable, and comprehensive treatment of how the Obama administration reacted to what was arguably the most difficult foreign policy challenge of its eight years in office: the Arab Spring. As a prelude to examining how the United States reacted to the first wave of the Arab Spring in the 21st century, this book begins with an examination of how the U.S. reacted to revolution in the 19th and 20th centuries and a summary of how foreign policy is made. Each revolution in the Arab Spring (in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Bahrain, and Yemen) and the Obama administration's action—or inaction—in response is carefully analyzed. The U.S.' role is compared to that of regional powers, such as Turkey, Israel, and Iran. The impact of U.S. abdication in the face of pivotal events in the region is the subject of the book's conclusion. While other treatments have addressed how the Arab Spring revolutions have affected the individual countries where these revolutions took place, U.S. foreign policy toward the Middle East, and President Barack Obama's overall foreign policy, this is the only work that provides a comprehensive examination of both the Arab Spring revolutions themselves and the reaction of the U.S. government to those revolutions.
This edited volume explores some of the key international law issues to have arisen from the events which comprised the 'Arab Spring.'
The Arab Spring, widely perceived as a momentous event in West Asia, has evoked a persistent flow of interpretation and analysis by academic experts and policy-makers since the upheaval first broke out in December 2010 and the pace of events suggests the flow of analysis on this issue will continue. Like all great social upheavals, the Arab Spring was long-drawn-out in its realisation and born of many factors that are intertwined. It could have occurred any time during the course of the last two or three decades but each passing year brought to the forefront new developments that made it that much more imminent. Economic problems, social problems, political problems, juridical problems and diplomatic problems combined to contribute to an uncompromising sense of grievance across the Arab world that ultimately manifested itself in the Arab spring and winter of 2011. This volume comes out of a conference organised by the Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies, in collaboration with Institute of Foreign Policy Studies and Centre of Pakistan and West Asian Studies, in which an attempt was made to discuss these issues threadbare.
The New Middle East critically examines the Arab popular uprisings of 2011-12.
This book shows that attempts to repress religion produce the very violent religious extremism that states seek to avoid.
For the designers operating under the name 75B the domain of the arts is an indispensable field of activity. They consider autonomous artistic research to be an inbuilt component of their practice. For them the field of the arts is the place to engage with the basics. No goal, no immediate perspective on possible applications, no client. The fundamentals of graphic design and those of the fine arts are so far apart that 75B has amassed an ambivalent body of work. This duality reveals itself in communicative work done for clients alongside experimental work done for themselves.
During the archaeological excavations of Lachish in 1938, James Starkey discovers a copper scroll in a clay cylinder buried under a pyramid of skulls dating back to the Assyrian conquest in the 7th Century. The contents of the scroll are so sensitive that he hides the find in a cave at Maresha where his body is found the following morning. Just over 70 years later Professor Joshua Black, professor of surgery at London University, is discovered hanging from a tree on Hampstead Heath; an apparent suicide. But Olive Hathaway, an elderly genteel lady has reason to suspect that his death was not a suicide at all. Dr. Sanjay Manchandra also has reason to believe that Professor Black had not taken his own life. The English widow and the young expatriate Indian surgeon, link up as an unlikely pair of detectives. The amateur sleuths follow the trail from London to the Holy Land, and on to the secret scroll hidden all those years before. This in turn leads them to a treasure trove in a vault deep underground at the site of the Temple of the ancient northern kingdom of Samaria near the Syrian border and the Golan Heights. The climax of the story is the battle for the possession of Aaron’s rod between the allies and the so-called Islamic State
Religious terrorism poses a significant challenge for many countries around the world. Extremists who justify violence in God's name can be found in every religious tradition, and attacks perpetrated by faith-based militants have increased dramatically over the past three decades. Given the reality of religious terrorism today, it would seem counterintuitive that the best weapon against violent religious extremism would be for countries and societies to allow for the free practice of religion; yet this is precisely what this book argues. Weapon of Peace investigates the link between terrorism and the repression of religion, both from a historical perspective and against contemporary developments in the Middle East and elsewhere. Drawing upon a range of different case studies and quantitative data, Saiya makes the case that the suppression and not the expression of religion leads to violence and extremism, and that safeguarding religious freedom is both a moral and strategic imperative.
It examines the wave of constitutions following the Arab Spring, considering when constitutional bargains are likely to yield democracy.