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Bees provide a critical link in the maintenance of ecosystems, pollination. They play a major role in maintaining biodiversity, ensuring the survival of many plants, enhancing forest regeneration, providing sustainability and adaptation to climate change and improving the quality and quantity of agricultural production systems. In fact, close to 75 percent of the world’s crops that produce fruits and seeds for human consumption depend, at least in part, on pollinators for sustained production, yield and quality. Beekeeping, also called apiculture, refers to all activities concerned with the practical management of social bee species. These guidelines aim to provide useful information and suggestions for a sustainable management of bees around the world, which can then be applied to project development and implementation.
Through proper breeding and care of social bees, beekeepers can contribute to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Experts always recommend the sustainable One Health approach for apiculture, which results in high-quality bee products and services. These guidelines, produced with the support of Apimondia experts and other international bee experts, define different beekeeping models, types of social bee and their geographical distribution, including Apis mellifera, Africanized bees, Apis cerana, Micrapis, Megapis, stingless bees and the Bombus genus, and good beekeeping practices (GBPs) for each of these types. The guidelines also look at products (honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis) and services (pollination, environmental monitoring, apitherapy, apitourism, cultural and spiritual services) that social bees provide, and set out GBPs and traceability systems for sustainable management of bees and their products. The full production process is covered, from catching or purchasing bees, to obtaining high-quality bee products and services, with a special focus on smallscale beekeepers. In this way, they aim to guide sustainable implementation of beekeeping in development projects. Topics relevant to the development of the beekeeping sector, such as the role of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and beekeepers’ associations and training in beekeeping, are also discussed in dedicated chapters. Sustainable apiculture requires good knowledge on the proper management of bees to optimize the natural systems and resources beekeepers rely on. Specifically, knowledge of state-of-the-art technologies and innovations can help increase productivity. The last chapter is therefore dedicated to future perspectives and innovations in modern beekeeping such as precision farming, innovative trace ability systems, bee data standardization and blockchain technologies.
Educating Citizen Designers in South Africa is the first book of its kind to appear in post-apartheid South Africa and it is therefore both overdue and extremely welcome. The book aims at sharing critical citizenship design teaching and learning pedagogies by including contributions from a range of design educators, and one student, who work in different design disciplines, such as architecture, graphic and product design. Critical citizenship education is explicated in relation to a range of theories and new and existing models. Numerous contemporary case studies and examples of design projects from a range of South African Higher Education Institutions are included. As such, a variety of perspectives emerge, including the consensual, where the aim of critical citizenship education is viewed as promoting social justice, shared values and critical thinking, to the conflicting ? where critiques are levelled against conceptions of critical citizenship education. Contentious, contesting and contradictory views are inevitable and necessary given the South African context as it is only in open debate that the one point of agreement among the authors, the need for social change, can be worked towards. -Prof Deirdre Pretorius, Univeristy of Johannesburg
Honeybees are an amazing insects on earth which pollinate over 80% of all flowering plants including 70 of the top 100 human food crops. One third of total diet is directly or indirectly dependent on honeybee pollinated plants. It reflect that without bees people could struggle to sustain the global human population of 9 billion by 2050. Presently, we are losing bees world-over at an alarming rate. If honeybee disappears from surface of the earth, we may loss all plants that bees pollinates, all of the animals that eat those plants and ultimately man would have no more than four years to live. Therefore, it is an urgent need to love these valuable mini-creatures, raise voice everywhere to protect them and enhance their population through beekeeping. Beekeeping is widely recognized economically sustainable occupation which offer an attractive avenues for livelihood, employment generation, holistic development of rural societies and survival of human through ensured food security. This book deals different issues of commercial beekeeping and provide scientific, authentic and very useful information on various aspects. The subject matter is presented in a comprehensive & lucid style which make this book very useful. Moreover, international demand, import-export, market-outlook, producers & suppliers of value-added bee-hive products, role of different agencies in beekeeping development and model project reports appended add great values. This book, thus, has enormous scope and opportunities to address food & health security problems, upliftment of Farm-output, promotion of food industries and employment generation. This manuscript will also be more useful to assist Agri-business Planners, policy makers, Researchers, industrialists, teachers, students & farmers world-over who are interested in beekeeping-based commercial enterprises for their livelihood and income generation.
Current social, economic, and environmental challenges presented by the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals may be partially attained by digitalization and sustainable practices diffusion. The antecedents, occurrences, and consequences of this process are currently under investigation, but the big challenge is to get a systemic view. This book attempts to bring such a view into focus. Digital and Sustainable Transformations in a Post-COVID World is dedicated to studying the consequences of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the new needs and practices inherent in developing and disseminating digital and clean technologies.