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Membrane separation processes have made impressive progress since the first synthesis of membranes almost 40 years ago. This progress was driven by strong technological needs and commercial expectations. As a result the range of successful applications of membranes and membrane processes is continuously broadening. In addition, increasing application of membrane processes and technologies lies in the increasing variations of the nature and characteristics of commercial membranes and membrane apparatus. The objective of the report is to review the information on application of membrane technologies in the processing of liquid radioactive waste. The report covers the various types of membranes, equipment design, range of applications, operational experience and the performance characteristics of different membrane processes. The report aims to provide Member States with basic information on the applicability and limitations of membrane separation technologies for processing liquid radioactive waste streams.
The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Biotechnological Applications provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies as they have evolved over the past decades. To provide a basic understanding of membrane technology, this book documents the developments dealing with these technologies. It explores chemical, pharmaceutical, food processing and biotechnological applications of membrane processes ranging from selective separation to solvent and material recovery. This text also presents in-depth knowledge of membrane separation mechanisms, transport models, membrane permeability computations, membrane types and modules, as well as membrane reactors.
An eye-opening exploration of membrane contactors from a group of industry leaders In Membrane Contactor Technology: Water Treatment, Food Processing, Gas Separation, and Carbon Capture, an expert team of researchers delivers an up-to-date and insightful explanation of membrane contactor technology, including transport phenomena, design aspects, and diverse process applications. The book also includes explorations of membrane synthesis, process, and module design, as well as rarely discussed process modeling and simulation techniques. The authors discuss the technical and economic aspects of this increasingly important technology and examine the geometry, flow, energy and mass transport, and design aspects of membrane contactor modules. They also cover a wide range of application opportunities for this technology, from the materials sciences to process engineering. Membrane Contactor Technology also includes: A thorough introduction to the membrane contactor extraction process, including dispersion-free membrane extraction processes and supported liquid membrane processes Comprehensive explorations of membrane transport theory, including discussions of diffusional mass and heat transfer modeling, as well as numerical modeling In-depth examinations of module configuration and geometry, including design and flow configuration Practical discussions of modes or operation, including membrane distillation, osmotic evaporation, and forward osmosis Perfect for process engineers, biotechnologists, water chemists, and membrane scientists, Membrane Contactor Technology also belongs in the libraries of chemical engineers, polymer chemists, and chemists working in the environmental industry.
"Proceedings of a technical seminar jointly organized by the Commission of the European Communities (CEC), Directorate-General for Science, Research, and Development and by the Italian Commission for Nuclear and Alternative Energy Sources (ENEA)"--T.p. verso.
The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications, Second Edition provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies from an international team of experts. The handbook fills an important gap in the current literature by providing a comprehensive discussion of membrane application
Membrane-Based Hybrid Processes for Wastewater Treatment analyzes and discusses the potential of membrane-based hybrid processes for the treatment of complex industrial wastewater, the recovery of valuable compounds, and water reutilization. In addition, recent and future trends in membrane technology are highlighted. Industrial wastewater contains a large variety of compounds, such as heavy metals, salts and nutrients, which makes its treatment challenging. Thus, the use of conventional water treatment methods is not always effective. Membrane-based hybrid processes have emerged as a promising technology to treat complex industrial wastewater. - Discusses the properties, mechanisms, advantages, limitations and promising solutions of different types of membrane technologies - Addresses the optimization of process parameters - Describes the performance of different membranes - Presents the potential of Nanotechnology to improve the treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) - Covers the application of membrane and membrane-based hybrid treatment technologies for wastewater treatment - Includes forward osmosis, electrodialysis, and diffusion dialysis - Considers hybrid membrane systems expanded to cover zero liquid discharge, salt recovery, and removal of trace contaminants
We are proud to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the calixarenes. In 1944, Zinke and Ziegler proposed a cyclotetrameric structure for an oligomer extracted from the condensation product mixture obtained by reacting p-tert-butyl phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Fifty years on, calixarenes are the basis of many different areas of chemical research, with development occurring at an increasing pace over the past decade in particular. The present volume does not provide an overview of all these developments, but is rather a celebration of some of the highlights. This presentation of the intricate mosaic of diversity that characterizes calixarene chemistry will stimulate further developments in this fascinating field.
The purpose of this report is to provide a review of chemical precipitation processes for the treatment of low and intermediate level aqueous waste. It supersedes Technical Reports Series No. 89, Chemical Treatment of Radioactive Wastes, published in 1968. It provides data on the performance of existing plants and on improved processes that are in an advanced state of development.
Liquid Membranes: Principles and Applications in Chemical Separations and Wastewater Treatment discusses the principles and applications of the liquid membrane (LM) separation processes in organic and inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, biomedical engineering, gas separation, and wastewater treatment. It presents updated, useful, and systematized information on new LM separation technologies, along with new developments in the field. It provides an overview of LMs and LM processes, and it examines the mechanisms and kinetics of carrier-facilitated transport through LMs. It also discusses active transport, driven by oxidation-reduction, catalytic, and bioconversion reactions on the LM interfaces; modifications of supported LMs; bulk aqueous hybrid LM processes with water-soluble carriers; emulsion LMs and their applications; and progress in LM science and engineering. This book will be of value to students and young researchers who are new to separation science and technology, as well as to scientists and engineers involved in the research and development of separation technologies, LM separations, and membrane reactors. - Provides comprehensive knowledge-based information on the principles and applications of a variety of liquid membrane separation processes - Contains a critical analysis of new technologies published in the last 15 years
Membranes processing techniques are used to help separate chemical components based on molecular size under specific pressure. A great advantage of membrane processing techniques is that it is a non-thermal processing technique, which can retain enormous bioactive constituents to a greater extent. Being a less energy intensive process, this technique is widely used in several food processing industries such as in the clarification of fruit juices and wine; the concentration of milk; the preparation of whey protein concentrate; and water and waste treatment, among others. Applications of Membrane Technology for Food Processing Industries introduces membrane processing techniques, presenting principles, theory and operational conditions for achieving efficient quality product. It discusses different types of membrane processing techniques viz. reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, electro dialysis, microfiltration, pervaporation, including its applications, advantages and disadvantages. Key Features: Deals with the retention of antioxidants by using novel membrane processing techniques Includes the application of membrane processing techniques in whey processing Explains the method for degumming, dewaxing and decolorization of edible crude oils Narrates application of membrane processing techniques in waste water treatment for efficient use Readers, such as professors, scientist, research scholars, students and industrial personnel, will come to know about the current trends in use of membrane processing techniques for its application in several food processing industries. This book can be a ready reference for the food industrial industry for manufacturing of deacidified clarified fruit juices and wine by using integrated membrane technique approach. In a nutshell, this book will benefit food scientist, academicians, students and food industrial persons by providing in-depth knowledge about membrane processing of foods for quality retention and also for efficient consumer acceptability.