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Driven piles are widely used as foundations to support buildings, bridges, and other structures. In 2007, AASHTO has adopted LRFD method for foundation design. The probability based LRFD approach affords the mathematical framework from which significant improvements on the design and quality control of driven piles can be achieved. In this research, reliability-based quality control criteria for driven piles are developed based on the framework of acceptance-sampling analysis for both static and dynamic test methods with the lognormal distribution characteristics. As a result, an optimum approach is suggested for the number of load tests and the required measured capacities for quality control of driven piles. Furthermore, this research has compiled a large database of pile set-up, from which the reliability-based approach of FORM is employed to develop separate resistance factors for the measured reference (initial) capacity and predicted set-up capacity. This report also provides a Bayesian theory based approach to allow for combining the information from the static pile capacity calculation and dynamic pile testing data to improve pile design process. Specifically, the results from dynamic pile tests can be utilized to reduce the uncertainties associated with static analysis methods of pile capacity by updating the corresponding resistance factors. This research has also developed one-dimensional wave equation based algorithm to interpret the High Strain Testing (HST) data for the estimation of the shaft and toe resistance of driven piles. The closed form solution is obtained for determining the Smith damping factor and the static soil resistance. Finally, a set of new wireless dynamic testing equipment (both hardware and software) is developed for more efficient dynamic pile testing.
Introduction and research approach -- Findings -- Interpretation, appraisal, and applications -- Conclusions and suggested research -- Bibliography -- Appendixes.
Approximately 10 to 11 million tons of aggregates are utilized in transportation infrastructure projects in Wisconsin annually. The quality of aggregates has a tremendous influence on the performance and durability of roadways and bridges. In this Phase II research study, detailed statistical analyses were performed on over 1,000 sets of historical aggregate test results and the experimental results from the Phase I study. Test results from other states were analyzed as well. Aggregate tests were performed on 12 known marginal or poor Wisconsin aggregates to specifically address test performance of such aggregates. Selected aggregates were scanned using X-ray computed tomography to assess the effects of freeze-thaw and sodium sulfate exposure on the internal void system. The results of multi-parameter logistic regression analyses show that the pass/fail outcomes of the Micro-Deval test can be predicted when LA abrasion, absorption, and sodium sulfate soundness test results are known. The unconfined freeze-thaw test outcomes cannot be predicted from results of other tests (not correlated). Therefore, the unconfined freeze-thaw test should be part of any test protocol as it measures an aggregate characteristic that cannot be obtained from other tests. The percentiles associated with any proposed acceptance threshold limits for various aggregate tests should be determined using the statistical data provided.
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 446: Use of Advance Geospatial Data, Tools, Technologies, and Information in Department of Transportation Projects that explores the development, documentation, and introduction of advanced geospatial technologies within departments of transportation.The report also provides a discussion of strengths and weaknesses of leading technologies, and how they are being used today." -- Publisher's description.