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This book chronicles the proceedings of the International Symposium on Apparent and Microscopic Contact Angles, held in conjunction with the American Chemical Society meeting in Boston, August 24--27, 1998. The symposium provided an opportunity to discuss several controversial issues associated with interfacial phenomena that govern the behavior of
This book chronicles the proceedings of the International Symposium on Apparent and Microscopic Contact Angles, held in conjunction with the American Chemical Society meeting in Boston, August 24--27, 1998. A. Fery, T. Pompe and S. Herminghaus A.V. Neimark Acid-base surface free energy of solids and the definition of scales in the van Oss-Good theory AFM measurements of hydrophobic forces between a polyethylene sphere and silanated silica plates - the significance of surface roughness An acoustic technique for the monitoring of dynamic wetting behaviour Analysis of evaporating droplets by using ellipsoidal cap geometry C. Della Volpe and S. Siboni C. Della Volpe, A. Penati, R. Peruzzi, S. Siboni, L. Toniolo and C. Colombo Contact angles on quartz induced by adsorption of heteropolar hydrocarbons Determination of acid-ase properties of metal oxide films and of polymers by contact angle measurements Determination of contact angles on swelling polymer particles by the column wicking method Determination of peripheral contact angle of sessile drops on solids from the rate of evaporation E. Chibowski, L. Holys and M. Lubomska E. McCafferty and J.P. Wightman E.A. Angu, R.C. Cameron, S.K. Pollack and W.E. Collins Effect of external radiofrequency electric field on the surface free energy components of calcium carbonate in the presence of cationic and anionic surfactants Estimation of contact angles on fibers Evolution of surface chemistry and physical properties during thin film polymerization of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers F. Chen, J.A. Finch, Z. Xu and J. Czarnecki Factors influencing contact angle measurements on wood particles by column wicking G. McHale, S.M. Rowan, M.I. Newton and N.A. Kb G. McHale, M.I. Newton, M.K. Banerjee and S.M. Rowan H. Haidara, L. Vonna and J. Schultz H.Y. Erbil H.Y. Erbil, G. McHale, S.M. Rowan and M.I. Newton Instability of the three-phase contact region and its effect on contact angle relaxation J. Drelich J. Nalaskowski, S. Veeramasuneni, J. Hupka and J.D. Miller J. Singh and A. Sharma K.-X. Ma, T.-S. Chung, P.K. Pallathadka and S.-S. Feng L.C. Salay and A.M. Carmona-Ribeiro L.-H. Lee M. Chamerois, M. Franois, F. Villiras and J. Yvon M. Wlinder and D.J. Gardner Measurement of contact line tension by analysis of the three-phase boundary with nanometer resolution Microsphere tensiometry to measure advancing and receding contact angles on individual particles Modification of calcium carbonate surface properties: macroscopic and microscopic investigations Molecular mechanisms of hydrophobic transitions Nanometer resolution of liquid surface topography by scanning force microscopy O.N. Tretinnikov PART 2: SURFACE FORCES AND SURFACE FREE ENERGY PART 3: WETTING OF HETEROGENEOUS, ROUGH AND CURVED SURFACES PART 4: DYNAMIC EFFECTS IN CONTACT ANGLE MEASUREMENT S. Ecke, M. Preuss and H.-J. Butt S.P. FriedmanS.Q. Shi and D.J. Gardner Self organization in thin liquid films: dynamics and patterns in systems displaying a secondary minimum Surfactant induced wetting singularities in confined solid-liquid-liquid systems: kinetic and dynamic aspects T. Pompe, A. Fery and S. Herminghaus The gap between the measured and calculated liquid-liquid interfacial tensions derived from contact angles The combined effect of roughness and heterogeneity on contact angles: the case of polymer coating for stone protection Thermodynamic equilibrium and stability of liquid films and droplets on fibers Underwater captive bubble technique on curved surfaces of blended polydimethylsiloxanes V.V. Yaminsky Wetting of SiO2 surfaces by phospholipid dispersions Wettability and microstructure of polymer surfaces: Sterochemical and conformational aspects Wettability of fine solids extracted from bitumen froth X. Xie and N.R. Morrow.
This unique book presents ways to mitigate the disastrous effects of snow/ice accumulation and discusses the mechanisms of new coatings deicing technologies. The strategies currently used to combat ice accumulation problems involve chemical, mechanical or electrical approaches. These are expensive and labor intensive, and the use of chemicals raises serious environmental concerns. The availability of truly icephobic surfaces or coatings will be a big boon in preventing the devastating effects of ice accumulation. Currently, there is tremendous interest in harnessing nanotechnology in rendering surfaces icephobic or in devising icephobic surface materials and coatings, and all signals indicate that such interest will continue unabated in the future. As the key issue regarding icephobic materials or coatings is their durability, much effort is being spent in developing surface materials or coatings which can be effective over a long period. With the tremendous activity in this arena, there is strong hope that in the not too distant future, durable surface materials or coatings will come to fruition. This book contains 20 chapters by subject matter experts and is divided into three parts— Part 1: Fundamentals of Ice Formation and Characterization; Part 2: Ice Adhesion and Its Measurement; and Part 3: Methods to Mitigate Ice Adhesion. The topics covered include: factors influencing the formation, adhesion and friction of ice; ice nucleation on solid surfaces; physics of ice nucleation and growth on a surface; condensation frosting; defrosting properties of structured surfaces; relationship between surface free energy and ice adhesion to surfaces; metrology of ice adhesion; test methods for quantifying ice adhesion strength to surfaces; interlaboratory studies of ice adhesion strength; mechanisms of surface icing and deicing technologies; icephobicities of superhydrophobic surfaces; anti-icing using microstructured surfaces; icephobic surfaces: features and challenges; bio-inspired anti-icing surface materials; durability of anti-icing coatings; durability of icephobic coatings; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; protection from ice accretion on aircraft; and numerical modeling and its application to inflight icing.
Paperback edition of text on fluid dynamics for graduate students and specialists alike.
Insects have much to offer when it comes to designing engineering solutions to problems, whether for robotics, aeronautics, computing or materials science. Insect Mechanics and Control, the first book ever published on this topic, bringing together world experts working at the interface between entomology, engineering and physics to showcase the exciting research in this rapidly growing field. The authors, applied mathematicians, physicists or quantitative biologists, provide coverage of their subjects in a way that uses the minimum necessary technical detail, making the subject accessible to biologists and their students who are not expert in the field. The book in turn provides a valuable compendium of biological information for physical scientists, thus promoting interchange between the biological and physical sciences.* Covers important problems in mechanics and control, by reference to extraordinary and fascinating insect examples * Written by experts, physicists, applied mathematicians and quantitative biologists* Offers a biological inspiration to physical scientists, from MEMS design to robotics* Provides a compelling example of integrative biology
The Frontiers in Materials Editorial Office team are delighted to present the inaugural “Women in Science: Materials” article collection, showcasing the high-quality work of women in science across the breadth of materials science and engineering. All researchers featured within this collection were individually nominated by the Topic Editors in recognition of their status as leading academics who have great potential to influence the future directions of their respective fields. The work presented here highlights the diversity of research performed across the entire breadth of the materials science and engineering field and presents advances in theory, experimentation, and methodology with applications for solving compelling problems. This Editorial features the corresponding author(s) of each paper published within this important collection, ordered by section alphabetically, highlighting them as the great researchers of the future. The Frontiers in Materials Editorial Office team would like to thank each researcher who contributed their work to this collection. We would also like to personally thank the Topic Editors for their exemplary leadership of this article collection; their strong support and passion for this important, community-driven collection has ensured its success and global impact. Emily Young Journal Development Manager
The revealing of the phenomenon of superhydrophobicity (the "lotus-effect") has stimulated an interest in wetting of real (rough and chemically heterogeneous) surfaces. In spite of the fact that wetting has been exposed to intensive research for more than 200 years, there still is a broad field open for theoretical and experimental research, including recently revealed superhydrophobic, superoleophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces, so-called liquid marbles, wetting transitions, etc. This book integrates all these aspects within a general framework of wetting of real surfaces, where physical and chemical heterogeneity is essential. Wetting of rough/heterogeneous surfaces is discussed through the use of the variational approach developed recently by the author. It allows natural and elegant grounding of main equations describing wetting of solid surfaces, i.e. Young, Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter equations. The problems of superhydrophobicity, wetting transitions and contact angle hysteresis are discussed in much detail, in view of novel models and new experimental data. The second edition surveys the last achievements in the field of wetting of real surfaces, including new chapters devoted to the wetting of lubricated and gradient surfaces and reactive wetting, which have seen the rapid progress in the last decade. Additional reading, surveying the progress across the entire field of wetting of real surfaces, is suggested to the reader. Contents What is surface tension? Wetting of ideal surfaces Contact angle hysteresis Dynamics of wetting Wetting of rough and chemically heterogeneous surfaces: the Wenzel and Cassie Models Superhydrophobicity, superhydrophilicity, and the rose petal effect Wetting transitions on rough surfaces Electrowetting and wetting in the presence of external fields Nonstick droplets Wetting of lubricated surfaces
This review volume explores how the current knowledge of the biological structures occuring on the surface of moth eyes, leaves, sharkskin, and the feet of reptiles can be transferred to functional technological materials.
This book describes wetting fundamentals and reviews the standard protocol for contact angle measurements. The authors include a brief overview of applications of contact angle measurements in surface science and engineering. They also discuss recent advances and research trends in wetting fundamentals and include measurement techniques and data interpretation of contract angles.
Starting from the basic principles of wetting, electrowetting and fluid dynamics all the way up to those engineering aspects relevant for the development of specific devices, this is a comprehensive introduction and overview of the theoretical and practical aspects. Written by two of the most knowledgeable experts in the field, the text covers both current as well as possible future applications, providing basic working principles of lab-on-a-chip devices and such optofluidic devices as adaptive lenses and optical switches. Furthermore, novel e-paper display technology, energy harvesting and supercapacitors as well as electrowetting in the nano-world are discussed. Finally, the book contains a series of exercises and questions for use in courses on microfluidics or electrowetting. With its all-encompassing scope, this book will equally serve the growing community of students and academic and industrial researchers as both an introduction and a standard reference.