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UNICEF is mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to advocate for the protection of children's rights, to help meet their basic needs, and to expand their opportunities to reach their full potential. This report details the accomplishments and activities of UNICEF for the year 2000. The report begins with a timeline describing major accomplishments from 1990 to 2000 and the mission statement. The overview statement from the executive director pledges that UNICEF will continue to build partnerships dedicated to mobilizing the resources necessary to realize children's rights and meet their basic needs. The report next describes the Global Movement for Children as a coalition of governments, United Nations agencies, nongovernmental organizations, private sector and community groups, and families and children who are dedicated to improving children's lives. The accomplishments of UNICEF in 2000 are then detailed, including implementing immunization programs, improving access to education, providing children and adolescents with opportunities for participation in community life, and using media to reinforce health messages to children and adolescents and inform them of their rights. The report describes programs in partnership with the corporate community and delineates international celebrity spokespersons. Information is included on UNICEF's income (by source of funding) for each nation and agency. The report also delineates expenditures by sector, noting that 40 percent of expenditures are for child health and 18 percent for education. The funds targeted for particular programs are listed by program. The report concludes with contact information for various UNICEF committees. (KB)
National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) – human rights commissions and ombudsmen – have gained recognition as a possible missing link in the transmission and implementation of international human rights norms at the domestic level. They are also increasingly accepted as important participants in global and regional forums where international norms are produced. By collecting innovative work from experts spanning international law, political science, sociology and human rights practice, this book critically examines the significance of this relatively new class of organizations. It focuses, in particular, on the prospects of these institutions to effectuate state compliance and social change. Consideration is given to the role of NHRIs in delegitimizing – though sometimes legitimizing – governments' poor human rights records and in mobilizing – though sometimes demobilizing – civil society actors. The volume underscores the broader implications of such cross-cutting research for scholarship and practice in the fields of human rights and global affairs in general.
Contents of Volume 1: Message from the Chairman, The Board of Executive Directors, The World Bank Group, The Development Agenda, Regional Perspectives, Thematic Perspectives, Improving Development Effectiveness, Summary of Fiscal 2004 Activities, and About the World Bank.
This book deals with the historic transition to democracy in South Africa and its impact upon crime and punishment. It examines how the problem of crime has emerged as a major issue to be governed in post-apartheid South Africa. Having undergone a dramatic transition from authoritarianism to democracy, from a white minority to black majority government, South Africa provides rich material on the role that political authority, and challenges to it, play in the construction of crime and criminality. As such, the study is about the socio-cultural and political significance of crime and punishment in the context of a change of regime. The work uses the South African case study to examine a question of wider interest, namely the politics of punishment and race in neoliberalizing regimes. It provides interesting and illuminating empirical material to the broader debate on crime control in post-welfare/neoliberalizing/post transition polities.
European Football is Black and White offers an engaging interpretation of a disturbing phenomenon in Europe's favorite sport: football violence fueled by racism. While many fans across Europe have used football to further destructive, ethnocentric agendas, there are also Europe-wide initiatives in the football stadium to combat the almost endemic problem. Christos Kassimeris analyses political ideologies that have influenced football supporters, drawing attention to the increasing politicization of football and the footballization of politics. He also considers the contributions of nationalism, social class, and media coverage before assessing attempts by various groups, from the Football Against Racism in Europe (FARE) network to the European Union itself, to rectify the problem. Ultimately, football needs to be dissociated from both racism and politics for the sport to flourish. Unlike more traditional attempts to explain the football violence and racism, this book seeks to establish a Europe-wide as well as national explanatory framework for this racism from a political perspective. This study will draw the interest not only of scholars across the Humanities and Social Sciences, but also of ordinary football supporters.