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Annual European Symposium on Photomorphogenesis, Volume 27: Photochemistry and Photobiology covers the proceedings of the 1977 Annual European Symposium on Photomorphogenesis, held in Bet Dagan, Israel. This book is divided into 25 chapters and begins with an examination of different forms of phytochrome in extracts of etiolated oat seedlings. The succeeding chapters review the involvement and interaction of membranes, hormones, and the circadian clock. These chapters also look into the effects of light on oscillations of enzyme activity in extracts and the differential effects of calcium on Mougeotia chloroplast movement. These topics are followed by discussions of in vitro transcription and translation of light; the concept of plastid photomorphogenesis; and the photocontrol of plant growth. The final chapters explore the blue light effects on lower and higher plants and the photomorphogenesis in microorganisms, algae, and mosses. This book will be of great value to photochemists, photobiologists, and researchers.
Plants as sessile organisms have evolved fascinating capacities to adapt to changes in their natural environment. Arguably, light is by far the most important and variable environmental factor. The quality, quantity, direction and duration of light is monitored by a series of photoreceptors covering spectral information from UVB to near infrared. The response of the plants to light is called photomorphogenesis and it is regulated by the concerted action of photoreceptors. The combined techniques of action spectroscopy and biochemistry allowed one of the important photoreceptors – phytochrome – to be identified in the middle of the last century. An enormous number of physiological studies published in the last century describe the properties of phytochrome and its function and also the physiology of blue and UV-B photoreceptors, unidentified at the time. This knowledge was summarized in the advanced textbook “Photomorphogenesis in Plants” (Kendrick and Kronenberg, eds., 1986, 1994). With the advent of molecular biology, genetics and new molecular, cellular techniques, our knowledge in the field of photomorphogenesis has dramatically increased over the last 15 years.
A NATO Advanced Study Institute on "New Developments and Methods in Membrane Research and Biological Energy Transduction" was held in order to consider some of the most recent developments in membrane research methodologies and results, with particular emphasis on studies of biological energy transduction. The partic ipants in the Institute dealt with three general areas of membrane study: membrane structure (with emphasis on lipid and protein components), membrane component assembly (with particular emphasis on mitochondria and chloroplasts), and the specialized functions of certain membrane systems. This last area included discussions of topics such as drug transformation, the role of membrane electron transport in the generation of oxygen radicals, the effect of oxygen radicals on cellular homeostasis and on the structure, organization and function of the acetylcholine receptor. Lectures and posters were concerned with two central questions: what is the function of membrane structure in energy transduction and how can energy trans duction be effectively measured and assessed? This text presents the content of the major lectures and important posters presented during the Institute's program. In issuing this book, the editor hopes to convey the proceedings of the Institute to a larger audi ence and to offer a comprehensive account of those developments in membrane research that were considered on the Island of Spetsai between August 16 and August 29, 1984. L. Packer Berkeley, California February 1985 v CONTENTS I. STRUCTURE AND BIOGENSIS Membrane Structure: Neutron Diffraction and Small Angle Scattering Studies •••••••••• 1 G.
Light and Plant Development presents the Proceedings of the 22nd University of Nottingham Easter School in Agricultural Science. It discusses the spectral sensitivity of inhibition of flowering by light. It addresses the action spectrum for leaf enlargement and stem growth inhibition. Some of the topics covered in the book are the nature of the blue light photoreceptor in higher plants and fungi; re-examination of photochemical properties and absorption characteristics of phytochrome using high-molecular-weight preparations; and intermediates in the photoconversion of phytochrome. The high irradiance reaction is fully covered. The physiological evidence and localised responses, intracellular localisation and action of phytochrome are discussed in detail. The text describes in depth the immunological visualisation of phytochrome. The fractionation procedures and terminology are presented completely. A chapter is devoted to the photocontrol of enzyme levels. Another section focuses on the ribosomal RNA synthesis in developing leaves. The book can provide useful information to botanists, chemists, students, and researchers.
This updated and much revised third edition of Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy provides a thorough overview of seed biology and incorporates much of the progress that has been made during the past fifteen years. With an emphasis on placing information in the context of the seed, this new edition includes recent advances in the areas of molecular biology of development and germination, as well as fresh insights into dormancy, ecophysiology, desiccation tolerance, and longevity. Authored by preeminent authorities in the field, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and students interested in the diverse aspects of seed biology.
An intriguing class of biological periodicity consists of rhythms with about 24-hour periods occurring at every level of eukaryotic organization. Progress is being made in understanding these rhythms. The six chapters of this work include a brief introduction to circadian (24-hour) rhythms, a survey of circadian organization at the cellular level, and a description of the important microorganisms that have served as experimental models for biochemical analysis. Also considered are relations between cell division cycles and circadian oscillators, as well as some general and theoretical aspects. Where appropriate, parallels are drawn to neuronal oscillators. This volume will introduce and critically appraise modern chronobiology; its extensive illustrations and comprehensive up-to-date bibliography will make it an authoritative reference.
This book, written by the leading experts in the field of plant electrophysiology, provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the current state of knowledge on electrical signaling and responses in plant physiology. It covers a significant interdisciplinary area for a broad range of researchers, emphasizing the physical, chemical, biological, and technological aspects of plant electrophysiology, while also demonstrating the role of electrochemical processes and ion channels in plant life cycles. Separate chapters describe the electrophysiology of the Venus flytrap, the Telegraph plant, Mimosa pudica, and other interesting plant species. Subsequent sections focus on mechanisms of plant movement, the role of ion channels, morphing structures, and the effects of electrical signal transduction on photosynthesis and respiration. Further topics include the electrophysiology of plant-insect interactions, how plants sense different environmental stresses and stimuli, and how phytoactuators respond to them. All chapters analyze the generation and transmission of electrical signals in plants.