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The number of applications using the Ada language is increasing rapidly with the availability of over 200 base and derived validated compilers. Reports indicate that many of these applications have been successfully developed from reusable software parts or have been developed to yield reusable software parts. In contrast of these reports, other applications have identified deficiencies in the Ada RunTime Environment (RTE) that have necessitated restricted use of the Ada with a consequent impact on the potential reuse of Ada software. Therefore, improving the reuse of software in these applications depends to some extent upon careful analysis and understanding of the issues related to software reuse and the Ada RTE. The latter applications typically comprise embedded Mission Critical Computer Resource (MCCR) systems that must satisfy real-time performance constraints that are usually dependent upon specialized hardware. These constraints have caused the intrusion of non-Ada code into the applications and the exploitation of specific idiosyncrasies of the RTE that are within the semantic fringes of the Ada standard DoD83. While reducing the use of non-Ada code may not be feasible for applications that must interact with special controls, devices, and weapon systems, ameliorating the deleterious effects of deficiencies and idiomatic behavior of the RTE on the reuse of Ada parts must receive prompt attention. (KR).
The study is intended to define the characteristics of an Ada Runtime Environment that effectively supports the development of real-time applications. The study was undertaken with the specific objective of supporting the selection of a runtime environment for the JINTACCS Automated Message Preparation System (JAMPS) program, but provides results useful in any real-time system acquisition program. A major goal of the JAMPS Ada software acquisition is to develop highly portable and reusable implementation that can be used in many different military systems. This goal impacts the selection and use of the runtime environment, as dependence on particular features of the runtime environment (either for functionality or performance) limits portability to only those systems providing the same features. This results in the concept of a minimal set of runtime environment features necessary to support JAMPS. Implementing JAMPS with dependence only on these features will allow portability within the class of systems providing those features. This report identifies such a minimal set of environment features. Keywords: fault tolerant computing; input output processing; data storage systems.
This collection of papers, resulting from the work of the ADA-Europe working group on software reuse, includes discussion of several kinds of ADA software and guidelines for writing reusable ADA software components.
The Ada Language has incorporated many features such as tasking, dynamic storage management, and exception handling that require substantial execution-time support. Most of these features were not previously available in commonly used real-time languages, but were instead provided by an separate executive. The inclusion of these features into the language expands the possibility for transportable and reusable software, but complicates the software development process to some degree. Engineers that previously had familiarity with their own executives, now are forced to accept the code of a compiler vendor for the execution-time support. This guide has been written to help software developers in the difficult task of selecting, configuring, and using a runtime that will meet the needs of their application. The wide variety of applications for which Ada is used necessitates considerable flexibility within the implementation of the runtime code. Different algorithms for tasking, storage management, interrupt handling, and exception propagation can radically effect the behavior of real-time programs. Variations among compilers for the same processor can be as great as a factor of six in runtime size and factor of eleven in tasking performance. It is therefore essential that software developers completely understand the characteristics of the available runtimes prior to selecting one for use on a project. (kr).
General activity review of associated branches and agencies to the Department which includes corporate securities registrations, a list of tenders received, and general financial data. Branches and agencies reviewed are responsible for motor vehicle activity, highway construction, traffic engineering, telecommunications and public utilities.
Provides complete coverage of the Ada language and Ada programming in general by recognized authorities in Ada software engineering. Demonstrates the power and performance of Ada in the management of large-scale object-oriented systems, and shows how to use Ada features such as generics, packages, and tasking.