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In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
World Health Statistics 2019 summarizes recent trends and levels in life expectancy and causes of death, and reports on the health and health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and associated targets. Where possible, the 2019 report disaggregates data by WHO region, World Bank income group, and sex; it also discusses differences in health status and access to preventive and curative services, particularly in relation to differences between men and women.
"This report consists of a thematic list of projects that used, or are using, data linkage in regard to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The report is intended to be a resource for analysts and data linkers, who are considering project design or just researching data linkage that has been conducted according to various medical themes or conditions affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians."--P. 1.
This volume covers aspects of sudden infant and early childhood death, ranging from issues with parental grief, to the most recent theories of brainstem neurotransmitters. It also deals with the changes that have occurred over time with the definitions of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), SUDI (sudden unexpected death in infancy) and SUDIC (sudden unexpected death in childhood). The text will be indispensable for SIDS researchers, SIDS organisations, paediatric pathologists, forensic pathologists, paediatricians and families, in addition to residents in training programs that involve paediatrics. It will also be of use to other physicians, lawyers and law enforcement officials who deal with these cases, and should be a useful addition to all medical examiner/forensic, paediatric and pathology departments, hospital and university libraries on a global scale. Given the marked changes that have occurred in the epidemiology and understanding of SIDS and sudden death in the very young over the past decade, a text such as this is very timely and is also urgently needed.
While there have been numerous burden of disease studies over the past decade in developed countries, including several in Australia, the framework and tools have never before been applied to measure disease burden in Indigenous populations apart from a pilot study in the Northern Territory, although the need for such evidence to guide policies and programs is clear. Given the uncertain quality of many data sources on Indigenous health, and the lack of comprehensive information about the comparative importance of various diseases and injuries, it has been difficult to appreciate the complete set of priorities for Indigenous health development. This report responds to that need by providing the first ever burden of disease and injury estimates for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia by leading experts in the field. Detailed estimates are provided of the comparative importance of over 170 diseases and injuries for the health of Indigenous Australians, and in doing so, this report fills an important gap in the evidence base for Indigenous Australian health policy.
Now in its third edition, this core textbook offers a comprehensive framework for creating a culturally safe environment and enhancing health outcomes for Indigenous Australians. Through case studies, discussions, reflections and critiques of health issues in Australia today, Health Care and Indigenous Australians offers a starting point for learning about cultural safety in an Indigenous health context, and is essential for students, academics and practitioners alike. This is key reading for anyone taking courses on Indigenous health modules in nursing, midwifery and health related courses at undergraduate or postgraduate level, as well practitioners and academics
Every lesson in the new Jacaranda Humanities Alive series has been carefully designed to support teachers and help students evoke curiosity through inquiry-based learning while developing key skills. Because both what and how students learn matter.
Get the big picture on the past, present, and future of the Canadian health care system! The only text of its kind, Health and Health Care Delivery in Canada, 4th Edition helps to prepare you for a career as a health care professional in Canada. Content includes topics such as population health initiatives, the determinants of health, the role of federal agencies and provincial governments, health care funding, and issues and trends in health care. Case Examples and Thinking It Through questions guide you through the intersection of individual health and the health care system. Written by experienced educator Valerie D. Thompson, this textbook is ideal for all Canadian students beginning a career in health care. - Comprehensive approach features an engaging, easy-to-understand, personal writing style. - Thinking It Through questions ask you to explore personal views and critically consider the aspects of health and health care delivery. - Case Examples provide real-world scenarios related to the chapter topics. - Did You Know? boxes present facts, points of interest, and actual health care situations. - Chapter Summaries cover the chapter's key takeaways. - Review questions at the end of every chapter test your comprehension of the material. - Key Terms open each chapter. - NEW! Completely updated content is included in Thinking It Through, Did You Know? and Case Example feature boxes. - NEW! Content on Indigenous health includes the pre-colonial history of health care in Canada as well as post-colonial policies affecting Indigenous populations. - NEW! Issues of inclusion and inequality vis-à-vis the Social Determinants of Health are threaded throughout the book. - NEW! Coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic includes its impact on health care spending, social inequality, quarantine powers, public health, and the rights of the individual.
In recent years there have been alarming reports of rapid decreases in life expectancy in the New Independent States (former members of the Soviet Union). To help assess priorities for health policy, the Committee on Population organized two workshopsâ€"the first on adult mortality and disability, the second on adult health priorities and policies. Participants included demographers, epidemiologists, public health specialists, economists, and policymakers from the NIS countries, the United States, and Western Europe. This volume consists of selected papers presented at the workshops. They assess the reliability of data on mortality, morbidity, and disability; analyze regional patterns and trends in mortality rates and causes of death; review evidence about major determinants of adult mortality; and discuss implications for health policy.