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The Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center in cooperation with the Office of Sponsored Programs of Syracuse University has been conducting the Annual Sagamore Army Materials Research Conferences since 1954. The specific purpose of these conferences has been to bring together scientists and engineers from academic institutions, industry and government to explore in depth a subject of importance to the Department of Defense, the Army, and the scientific community. This 30th Sagamore Conference, entitled Innovations in Materials Processing, has attempted to focus on the inter disciplinary nature of materials processing, looking at recent advancements in the development of unit processes from a range of standpoints from the understanding and control of the under lying mechanisms through their application as part of a manufactur ing sequence. In between, the classic link between processing and materials properties is firmly established. A broad range of materials are treated in this manner: metals, ceramics, plastics, and composites. The interdisciplinary nature of materials processing exists through its involvement with the basic sciences, with, process and product design, with process control, and ultimately with manufacturing engineering. Materials processing is interdisciplinary in another sense, through its application within all materials disciplines. The industrial community (and the Army as its customer) is becoming increasingly concerned with producibility/reliability/ affordability issues in advanced product development. These concerns will be adequately addressed only by employing the full range of disciplines encompassed within the field of materials processing.
Dr. George P. Thomon, Nobel Laureate in Physics said, "We have labelled civilizations by the main materials which they have used: The Stone Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age ••• a civilization is both developed and limited by the materials at its disposal. Today, man lives on the boundary between the Iron Age and a New Materials Age." The ever more stringent requirements for materials to accomplish specific functions and withstand extreme conditions, as dictated by the needs of industry and defense, con tinue to spur ever more intensive research in Materials Science. According to the recent report "Trends and Opportunities in Materials Research" a vital goal of materials research is to design synthesize and fabricate in high yield, new materials with properties that can be pre dicted, varied and controlled. In the past this has been a fairly empirical process, but as we gain more comprehensive understanding of the behavior of matter on an atomic and molecular scale this goal becomes ever more attain able. An important recent trend is the increasing sophistication and power of theoretical approaches. Aided by the development of computers and versa tile numerical techniques, as well as concepts from statistical mechanics, theorists are beginning to confront the complexity of real materials. Important advances are expected through a concentrated attack on model systems in which the theorist, experimental scientist and engineer all work together towards designing new materials and controlling their properties.
Laser Processing and Chemistry gives an overview of the fundamentals and applications of laser-matter interactions, in particular with regard to laser material processing. Special attention is given to laser-induced physical and chemical processes at gas-solid, liquid-solid, and solid-solid interfaces. Starting with the background physics, the book proceeds to examine applications of laser techniques in micro-machining, and the patterning, coating, and modification of material surfaces. This third edition has been revised and enlarged to cover new topics such as the synthesis of nanoclusters and nanocrystalline films, ultrashort-pulse laser processing, laser polishing, cleaning, and lithography. Graduate students, physicists, chemists, engineers, and manufacturers alike will find this book an invaluable reference work on laser processing.
This comprehensive, detailed treatise on the physics and applications of the new emerging technology of amorphous semiconductors focuses on specific device research problems such as the optimization of device performance. The first part of the book presents hydrogenated amorphous silicon type alloys, whose applications include inexpensive solar cells, thin film transistors, image scanners, electrophotography, optical recording and gas sensors. The second part of the book discusses amorphous chalcogenides, whose applications include electrophotography, switching, and memory elements. This book will serve as an excellent reference source for solid state scientists and engineers, and as a useful self-contained introduction to the field for graduate students.
The development of electronic materials and particularly advances in semiconductor technology have played a central role in the electronics revolution by allowing the production of increasingly cheap and powerful computing equipment and advanced telecommunications devices. This Concise Encyclopedia, which incorporates relevant articles from the acclaimed Encyclopedia of Materials Science and Engineering as well as newly commissioned articles, emphasizes the materials aspects of semiconductors and the technologies important in solid-state electronics. Growth of bulk crystals and epitaxial layers are discussed in the volume and coverage is included of defects and their effects on device behavior. Metallization and passivation issues are also covered. Over 100 alphabetically arranged articles, written by world experts in the field, are each intended to serve as the first source of information on a particular aspect of electronic materials. The volume is extensively illustrated with photographs, diagrams and tables. A bibliography is provided at the end of each article to guide the reader to recent literature. A comprehensive system of cross-references, a three-level subject index and an alphabetical list of articles are included to aid readers in the abstraction of information.
This book reviews the solid core of fundamental scientific knowledge on laser-stimulated surface chemistry that has accumulated over the past few years. It provides a useful overview for the student and interested non-expert as well as essential reference data (photodissociation cross sections, thermochemical constants, etc.) for the active researcher.
This volume constitutes the Proceedings of the November 8-10, 1982 Conference on EMERGENT PROCESS METHODS FOR HIGH TECHNOLOGY CERAMICS, held at North Carolina State University in Raleigh. It was the nineteenth in a series of "University Conferences on Ceramic Sci ence" initiated in 1964 by four institutions of which North Carolina State University is a charter member, along with the University of California at Berkeley, Notre Dame University, and the New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University. More recently, ceramic oriented faculty in departments at the Pennsylvania State University and Case-Western Reserve University have joined the four initial institutions as permanent members of the consortium. These research oriented conferences, each uniquely concerned with a timely ceramic theme, have been well attended by audiences which typically were both international and interdisciplinary in character; their published Proceedings have been well received and are frequently cited. This three day conference addressed the fundamental scientific background as well as the technological state-of-the-art of several novel methods which are beginning to influence present and future directions for non-traditional ceramic processing, thus affecting many of the advanced ceramic materials needed for a wide variety of research and industrial applications. The number, the importance and the application of new ceramic processing techniques have expanded considerably during the last ten years.