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A history of the forces of law and order in the United States highlights individual heroes and villains, reformers, events, and locations from 1945 to 2012.
In The Vigilant Eye, Greg Marquis combines the narrative and chronological approach of traditional institutional history with the critical approaches of social history, legal history and criminology. The book begins with the English and Irish roots of nineteenth-century British North American policing and traces the development of the three models of law enforcement that would shape the future: the local rural constable, the municipal police department and the paramilitary territorial constabulary. Marquis examines the development of provincial police services, whose expansion coincided with the rise of mass automobile ownership and controversies over alcohol prohibition and control, and their eventual absorption into the RCMP. In terms of political policing, the vigilant eye has monitored, harassed and disrupted various social and political movements ranging from Fenians to communists, to Quebec separatists and environmentalists. Marquis argues that the style of community policing in vogue during the 1970s and 1980s lacked confidence and had a limited impact. Canada’s simplistic crime-fighting model undermines genuine reform, including curbs on the use of deadly force on citizens, and justifies the increased militarization of policing. Marquis argues that it is time for citizens to turn their vigilant eye towards police and policing in their own communities.
Renaissance Lawman: The Education and Deeds of Eliot H. Lumbard details the life, education, and public service career of Eliot Howland Lumbard. A lawyer, who most of his life, lived and worked in Manhattan and whose legal career spanned more than fifty years beginning in the early 1950s. Lumbard is easily identified as a renaissance lawman for having gained considerable expertise in the operations of the political and justice systems, and for proceeding to capitalize on this knowledge to become both an advocate and initiator of progressive reforms for criminal justice. His contributions on behalf of public safety have been largely forgotten but throughout this intriguing biography Martin Alan Greenberg successfully juxtaposes many of Lumbard's professional activities with many of the major historical developments and challenges of his time. The chronicled events emphasize what motivated the people in his generation to behave as they did since the world today is a much different place than what Americans were experiencing in the first three decades after WW II. Cultural and technological changes have combined to make our present-day world quite different from over a half-century ago. Renaissance Lawman proves to be especially rewarding to a wide-range of readers interested in police work, criminal justice history, public service leadership, and legal ethics. There are no other comparable books on the market. Lumbard certainly had a unique legal career and his impactful contributions have seldom, if ever, been duplicated – even if his contributions, on behalf of public safety, have been largely forgotten.
This edited book explores the history, development and use of technology in the policing of society, showing that technology plays a key, if not pivotal role in the work of law enforcement. The authors analyse several examples of technology in common use today, which include both officers' equipment and technology used by crime scene investigation teams. They discuss the supportive role that technology plays in the investigation process as well as the concerns that may arise from a reliance upon technological advances. The book offers the reader a unique look at the scholarly and professional experience, with chapters written by academic researchers, as well as a number practitioners from the field of policing. It is essential reading for all those interested in a constantly changing and evolving field with implications for both theory and practice.
Cop Doc delivers a unique map of police psychology. Retired NYPD sergeant Daniel Rudofossi delivers compelling inside scoops: the first-grade detective who nailed the Times Square bomber, intelligence enigmas unraveled by the DEA intelligence chief, wisdom culled from a best-selling novelist, a NYPD detective captain’s narrative of the Palm Sunday Massacre, and much more. The book also includes an interview with a captain of hostage negotiations and a preface by the founder of the NYPD department of psychological services. Both students and seasoned professionals can find insights into policing and forensic psychology in these pages.
Based on personal experience and academic research, Tom Barker shines a light on the dark side of American policing by examining misconduct and corruption as occupational and workplace forms of deviance. Barker outlines patterns of rule breaking and criminal behavior while providing strategies for management and control. This textbook is appropriate for undergraduate and graduate courses in criminal justice, criminology, justice studies, sociology, and public administration.
A Smithsonian Best History Book of the Year Winner of the Littleton-Griswold Prize Winner of the Ralph Waldo Emerson Award Winner of the Order of the Coif Award Winner of the Sidney M. Edelstein Prize Winner of the David J. Langum Sr. Prize in American Legal History Winner of the Berkshire Conference of Women Historians Book Prize “From traffic stops to parking tickets, Seo traces the history of cars alongside the history of crime and discovers that the two are inextricably linked.” —Smithsonian When Americans think of freedom, they often picture the open road. Yet nowhere are we more likely to encounter the long arm of the law than in our cars. Sarah Seo reveals how the rise of the automobile led us to accept—and expect—pervasive police power, a radical transformation with far-reaching consequences. Before the twentieth century, most Americans rarely came into contact with police officers. But in a society dependent on cars, everyone—law-breaking and law-abiding alike—is subject to discretionary policing. Seo challenges prevailing interpretations of the Warren Court’s due process revolution and argues that the Supreme Court’s efforts to protect Americans did more to accommodate than limit police intervention. Policing the Open Road shows how the new procedures sanctioned discrimination by officers, and ultimately undermined the nation’s commitment to equal protection before the law. “With insights ranging from the joy of the open road to the indignities—and worse—of ‘driving while black,’ Sarah Seo makes the case that the ‘law of the car’ has eroded our rights to privacy and equal justice...Absorbing and so essential.” —Paul Butler, author of Chokehold “A fascinating examination of how the automobile reconfigured American life, not just in terms of suburbanization and infrastructure but with regard to deeply ingrained notions of freedom and personal identity.” —Hua Hsu, New Yorker
This edited collection reflects contemporary challenges faced by police forces across the globe and the role of technology in addressing them. The use of science and technology raises questions about ethics, training, the well-being of people, and freedom. New technologies promise to foster police practices based on intelligence, accuracy, and preparedness, and are considered necessary to overcome challenges such as declining budgets, lack of personnel, and legitimacy. However, technologies can also be used for authoritarian and nefarious purposes. For those reasons, this book aims to discuss related topics from various contexts to establish connections among common problems in the field of policing across the globe. This book provides an internationally relevant assessment of the use of technology in the field of policing, as well as the impact on training and police well-being. It is ideal for an academic audience at both graduate and undergraduate levels in the fields of criminal justice studies, police studies, legal sociology, and public policy, and will be of interest to police practitioners, legal professionals, social service workers, and public-sector managers.
“A fast-burning fuse of a book, every page bursting with revelatory detail.”—ERIK LARSON A sweeping account of the anarchists who terrorized the streets of New York and the detective duo who transformed policing to meet the threat—a tale of fanaticism, forensic science, and dynamite from the bestselling author of The Ghost Map Steven Johnson’s engrossing account of the epic struggle between the anarchist movement and the emerging surveillance state stretches around the world and between two centuries—from Alfred Nobel’s invention of dynamite and the assassination of Czar Alexander II to New York City in the shadow of World War I. April 1914. The NYPD is still largely the corrupt, low-tech organization of the Tammany Hall era. To the extent the police are stopping crime—as opposed to committing it—their role has been almost entirely defined by physical force: the brawn of the cop on the beat keeping criminals at bay with nightsticks and fists. The solving of crimes is largely outside their purview. The new commissioner, Arthur Woods, is determined to change that, but he cannot anticipate the maelstrom of violence that will soon test his science-based approach to policing. Within weeks of his tenure, New York City is engulfed in the most concentrated terrorism campaign in the nation’s history: a five-year period of relentless bombings, many of them perpetrated by the anarchist movement led by legendary radicals Alexander Berkman and Emma Goldman. Coming to Woods’s aide are Inspector Joseph Faurot, a science-first detective who works closely with him in reforming the police force, and Amadeo Polignani, the young Italian undercover detective who infiltrates the notorious Bresci Circle. Johnson reveals a mostly forgotten period of political conviction, scientific discovery, assassination plots, bombings, undercover operations, and innovative sleuthing. The Infernal Machine is the complex pre-history of our current moment, when decentralized anarchist networks have once again taken to the streets to protest law enforcement abuses, right-wing militia groups have attacked government buildings, and surveillance is almost ubiquitous.