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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1885 edition. Excerpt: ... class xxvii. diluents or attestants. Diluents or attenuants are imperiously demanded by the laws of animal instinct, to lessen the inspissated and viscid character of the blood, both in a state of health and disease. They allay thirst and render acrid secretions less irritating and more abundant, by furnishing the nesossary supply of materials for secretion, and in this way they lessen irritation, inflammation and fever. When we take into consideration the incessant drain of fluids by the great emunctories of the system, as the urinary and intestinal secretions, the cutaneous and pulmonary transpirations, and the preponderance which the liquids entering into the composition of the animal economy bear to the solids, it is not strange that the demand for liquids should be more imperious than it is for solids. The sensation of thirst is often dependent upon the inspissation of the blood, and as soon as it is diluted by injecting fluids into the veins, it is allayed. If taken into the stomach or injected into the bowels, it is absorbed, and dilutes the blood and allays thirst. Thirst is also a very prominent evidence of disease, especially those of a febrile and inflammatory character. In such cases their utility is not exclusively dependent upon their attenuating properties. The demand for drinks does not always arise from inspissation of the circulating fluids. Hence they can not be properly called diluents (when this is not the case). The highly exalted organic action which arises in the mucous membranes of the alimentary canal, occasions the thirst in these cases, and the well-known influence of liquids, and particularly cold water and acidulated drinks, etc., in diminishing this excitement and allaying the thirst, explains their...