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This exceptionally detailed and authoritative atlas of a major Civil War campaign is a superb leader development tool and educational reference, providing a heavy dose of tactical detail and a significant focus on the operational level of war. The campaign provides a host of issues to be examined: campaign planning, deception, intelligence, leadership, logistics, reconnaissance (or lack thereof), soldier initiative, and many other areas relevant to the modern military professional. Additional issues, somewhat unique to Missouri in the American Civil War, are guerilla and counter-guerilla operations, operations in support of civil authorities, challenging local and state political considerations, and a resource constrained environment. Each of these issues is as relevant to us today as it was 150 years ago. In short, modern military professionals, for whom this atlas was written, will find a great deal to ponder and analyze when studying this campaign.Part I. Missouri's Divided Loyalties * Part II. Missouri's Five Seasons: Spring, Summer, Fall, Price's Raid, and Winter * 4. Confederate Recruiters and Partisan Rangers * 5. Marmaduke's Raids (1862-1863) * 6. Bushwhackers and General Order No. 11 * 7. Jo Shelby's Raid (1863) * Part III. The Road to Saint Louis * 8. The Difficulties of our Situation * 9. The Union Command in the West * 10. A Just and Holy Cause * 11. The Invasion of Missouri * 12. The Army of Missouri * 13. The Department of Missouri * 14. The Decision to Attack Pilot Knob * 15. The Battle of Pilot Knob * 16. The Gates of St. Louis * Part IV. Saint Louis to Lexington * 17. Toward Jefferson City * 18. The Gasconade and Osage Rivers * 19. Jefferson City * 20. Boonville * 21. Mobilizing the Kansas Militia * 22. Sedalia and Glasgow * 23. The Battle of Glasgow * 24. The Battle of Lexington * Part V. The Battle of Westport * 25. Decision at the Little Blue River * 26. The Little Blue River Bridge * 27. The Lower Ford * 28. Blunt's Attack * 29. Shelby's Attack * 30. Price's Plan * 31. The Big Blue River * 32. Confederates Cross the Big Blue * 33. Melvin Grant's Dilemma * 34. The Fight at Mockbee Farm * 35. The Battle of Independence * 36. The Night before Westport * 37. Daylight at Westport * 38. The Second Fight at Byram's Ford * 39. Philips' Charge * 40. Winslow's First Assault * 41. Bloody Hill Taken * 42. Curtis at Brush Creek * 43. George Thoman's Path * 44. McGhee's Charge * 45. Shelby's Stand at Wornall House * 46. The Escape of the Wagon Train * Part VI. The Battle of Mine Creek * 47. Decision at the Thomas House * 48. Retreat and Pursuit * 49. War Council at West Point * 50. First Skirmish at the Mounds * 51. Curtis' Decision and Price's Estimate of the Situation * 52. The Battle of the Mounds * 53. The Marais des Cygnes River * 54. McNeil's Hasty Attack * 55. Clark's Line Withdraws * 56. The Roads to Fort Scott * 57. Marmaduke's Dilemma * 58. Extending the Lines * 59. The Firelight * 60. The 4th Iowa * 61. The Confederate Line Breaks * 62. Chaos at the Ford * 63. The Final Shots at Mine Creek * 64. Fort Lincoln * 65. The Union Attack at the Little Osage River * 66. The Union Victory at the Little Osage River * 67. Across the Prairie to Douglas Ford * 68. The Battle of Charlot's Farm * Part VII. The Second Battle of Newtonia and the Retreat * 69. The Night of 25 October * 70. The Retreat * 71. Opening Shots at the Second Battle of Newtonia * 72. The Artillery Duel * 73. The Confederate Charge * 74. The Last Fight * 75. Command Crisis * 76. The Retreat to the Arkansas River * 77. The End of the Campaign
This 230 page atlas is divided into seven parts. Part I, Missouri's Divided Loyalties, and Part II, Missouri's Five Seasons, provide an overview of Missouri's history from the initial settlement of the Louisiana Purchase Territories through the opening years of the American Civil War. The remaining parts cover the Confederate plan, the Confederate movement into Missouri and the Union reaction, the Confederate retreat and Union pursuit into Kansas, and the final Confederate escape back into Arkansas. The atlas has a standard format with the map to left and the narrative to the right. Each narrative closes with two or more primary source vignettes. These vignettes provide an overview of the events shown on the map and discussed in the narrative from the perspective of persons who participated in the events. In most cases there are two vignettes with the first from a person loyal to the Union and the second from a person who supported the southern cause. A few narratives have two or more vignettes from only the Union side. This was done to emphasize disagreements and struggles among senior leaders to establish a common course of action. Map 25, Decision at the Little Blue River, is a good example and the three vignettes emphasize the disagreement between Maj. Gen. Samuel Curtis and his subordinate, Maj. Gen. James Blunt on where to locate the Union defensive line.
The genesis for the publication of Battlefield Atlas of Price's Missouri Expedition of 1864 goes back to 1985. Dr. Jerold E. Brown first developed the Battle of Westport as a staff ride for the Combat Studies Institute's (CSI) curriculum at the US Army Command and General Staff College (CGSC). The study of the Battle of Westport, Missouri, provided the college with the opportunity to visit a nearby Civil War battlefield. Dr. Brown also used the Westport staff ride as a "train the trainer" exercise in what later became the Military History Instruction Course (MHIC) to teach staff ride methodology. Subsequent CSI instructors expanded Dr. Brown's original work into a full-length staff ride. Most notable were Dr. Curtis S. King and Mr. Gary W. Linhart, both CSI Historians. They formalized the instructor notes into a standardized staff ride walk book (instructor guide) and widened the scope of both the preliminary study and the field study portions. The new preliminary study provided an overview of all of Price's Missouri Expedition of 1864 (7 September 1864 to 28 November 1864) and the revised field study focused on the three-day battle of Westport (21-23 October 1864). Over time, the Westport staff ride became very popular with ROTC programs, Reserve Component units, and the Active duty Army from the surrounding region.
The Civil War claimed over 620,000 lives from April 1861 until the last major battle in June 1865. Neighbor fought neighbor, while families were divided over the issues of states' rights, secession, and slavery. Few people realize that Missouri was the war's third most violent state with over 1,500 battles and skirmishes. Wilson's Creek National Battlefield, southwest of Springfield, commemorates the Battle of Wilson's Creek, which was the first Civil War battle west of the Mississippi River, the second major battle of the war, and where the first Union general was killed in combat. The Wilson's Creek National Battlefield Civil War collection is an outstanding compilation of artifacts, documents, and photographs primarily related to the Trans-Mississippi theater. Items include Arkansas Confederate general Patrick Cleburne's sword belt and sash, abolitionist John Brown's telescope, a Confederate "Cherokee Braves" flag, and an original print of General Order No. 11, which forced evacuation of several western Missouri counties in an attempt to eliminate safe havens for guerrillas.
"In this one-of-a-kind atlas, [General Stonewall] Jackson's map and dozens more - both archival and newly created - trace the battles, political turmoil, and defining themes of the nation's most pivotal conflict."-inside jacket.
The first years of the Civil War in the west focused on the question of the allegiance of Missouri. Southern sympathizers in the state wished to secede and join the pro-slavery cause, but were prevented from doing so by a large Unionist population focused in St. Louis and in other areas of the state. The August, 1861 battle of Wilson's Creek did little to settle the question, as neither side gained complete control of the state. A strong Union military presence, centered in St. Louis, governed that city and the Missouri River Valley (Shea and Hess 1992:1). The southwest corner of Missouri, on the other hand, remained under the sway of the Missouri State Guard (MSG), the state's militia, under the command of Major General Sterling Price, a Mexican War general and former governor. The MSG was, on the surface, endeavoring to maintain Missouri neutrality by keeping Missouri free of a strong presence of either combatant. In actuality, the Guard and its command structure were pro-Confederate, and, from the outset of hostilities actively sought and received assistance from the Confederate government (Piston and Hatcher 2000:33). The Federals began a campaign in early 1862 bent on dispersing the Guard or driving it from the state. That campaign would carry over into Arkansas, where it would culminate at the battle of Pea Ridge. Pea Ridge was one of the largest battles to take place west of the Mississippi River, and certainly the most important strategic victory in the western South during the war (Figure 1). The Federal victory there secured Missouri for the North, and safeguarded St. Louis, a major transshipment point and a base of supply for later campaigns down the Mississippi River. The defeated Confederates shifted their attention away from Arkansas towards Tennessee and Mississippi, draining the region of most of its troops. Much of the fighting in Arkansas later in the war took place either between small armies, or between groups of partisans loyal to either side. In both Missouri and Arkansas, these partisan groups initiated a brutal form of warfare that closely resembles more recent episodes such as the conflict in the former Yugoslavia and Iraq. Human occupation of northwestern Arkansas began by 5,000 years ago and continued uninterrupted until the present. This project focuses on one aspect of that occupation, the March, 1862 battle between Federal and Confederate armies. The detritus of battle, the physical evidence for conflict, is a wellspring of archaeological data that can greatly further our understanding of the battle. This effort describes the findings of a multi-year inventory of those artifacts relating to the March, 1862 battle. Briefly, the Battle of Pea Ridge (Figure 2) began on the morning of March 7, 1862. The Confederate Army under the overall command of Major General Earl Van Dorn, including the Missouri State Guard, attempted to swing around the Federal right flank and fall upon the Union supply wagons parked near Elkhorn Tavern. Fatigue and poor roads forced a separation between the MSG and Major General Benjamin McCulloch's Confederate division, forcing the latter to take an alternate, shorter route to reconnect with Price's Missourians.
A useful guidebook for the significant Civil War battles of Wilson's Creek, Pear Ridge, and Prairie Grove.