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This study presents and examines the available data on mould-made terracotta lamps manufactured and/or used in Alexandria in the 3rd to 1st century BC. Mlynarczyk divides the lamps into twenty-eight types and discusses distribution, fabric, manufacturing centres, shape and decoration, and dating.
In the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum are more than six hundred ancient lamps that span the sixth century BCE to the seventh century CE, most from the Roman Imperial period and largely created in Asia Minor or North Africa. These lamps have much to reveal about life, religion, pottery, and trade in the ancient Graeco-Roman world. Most of the Museum’s lamps have never before been published, and this extensive typological catalogue will thus be an invaluable scholarly resource for art historians, archaeologists, and those interested in the ancient world. Reflecting the Getty's commitment to open content, Ancient Lamps in the J. Paul Getty Museum is available online at http://www.getty.edu/publications/ancientlamps and may be downloaded free of charge in multiple formats, including PDF, MOBI/Kindle, and EPUB, and features zoomable images and multiple views of every lamp, an interactive map drawn from the Ancient World Mapping Center, and bibliographic references. For readers who wish to have a bound reference copy, a paperback edition has been made available for sale.
The Hellenistic necropolis of Plinthine, located about 800 m west of the urban settlement of Kom el Nogus/Plinthine, on the western margins of the Alexandrian chora, was built on and in the calcarenite ridge or taenia that separates the Mediterranean from Lake Mariut. It has been celebrated as a miniature version of the great Alexandrian necropolises since the first excavations by Achille Adriani in 1937, followed by various unpublished explorations. Nevertheless, it had not been the subject of a comprehensive study combining architectural analysis and investigation of funerary practices. The policy followed by the French expedition (MFTMP)-systematic architectural survey of a necropolis too often previously analyzed through the prism of a few hypogeas, emphasis on phasing, anthropological studies-made it possible to give a more global vision of the Plinthine necropolis than that provided by earlier studies: the dead are no longer absent and the necropolis reveals a history parallel to that of the Plinthine Hellenistic town.
The international conference "Egypt and Cyprus in Antiquity" held in Nicosia in April 2003 filled an important gap in historical knowledge about Cyprus' relations with its neighbours. While the island's links with the Aegean and the Levant have been well documented and continue to be the subject of much archaeological attention, the exchanges between Cyprus and the Nile Valley are not as well known and have not before been comprehensively reviewed. They range in date from the mid third millennium B.C. to Late Antiquity and encompass every kind of interconnection, including political union. Their novelty lies in the marked differences between the ancient civilisations of Cyprus and Egypt, the distance between them geographically, which could be bridged only by ship, and the unusual ways they influenced each other's material and spiritual cultures. The papers delivered at the conference covered every aspect of the relationship, with special emphasis on the tangible evidence for the movement of goods, people and ideas between the two countries over a 3000 year period.
Memphis was one of the great melting pots of Mediterranean and African culture during the reigns of the heirs of Alexander and under the Roman Empire, a vibrant and complex community well after the end of the age of its ancient Pharaonic founders. For too long, its importance during this critical period has been wrongly eclipsed by the younger city of Alexandria. This book challenges such assumptions by taking a closer look at Memphis through the lens of the rich material excavated there by Flinders Petrie over a century ago, and exhibited in University College London’s Petrie Museum. These finds bring alive the diversity of the city’s inhabitants and raise questions, still relevant today, about the representations and realities of ethnic groups. This book presents the excavation background to the finds, their manufacturing processes and their cultural implications. It is accompanied by downloadable resources that illustrate this informative and neglected material.
This proceedings volume includes high-level dialogues and philosophical discussions between international experts on Hellenistic Alexandria. The goal was to celebrate the 24 centuries which have elapsed since its foundation and the beginning of the Library and the Museum of Alexandria.
In the south-east Mediterranean region, the so-called ‘Fertile Crescent’, the modern world began its development at the very beginning of human civilisation. People living there were among the first in the world to domesticate plants and animals, and many of the ideas and objects that are in common use today originated from that area. The papers collected in this volume are based on papers presented at an international conference titled “The Land of Fertility: The South-East Mediterranean from the Bronze Age to the Muslim Conquest”, which was focused on this very special region, and the processes prevalent there after the end of the Stone Age.
This catalogue raisonné describes the lamps and statuettes in terracotta of the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, to which are added two lamps made of bronze. The collection, small but eclectic, has mostly been assembled in recent years and represents a wide variety of types in these two categories. After an introduction discussing the techniques involved in the production of these objects, the catalogue proper presents 44 lamps, 21 figurines and a single arula with full illustration. This catalogue makes the collection available to a wide readership: students, curators, archaeologists, art historians, collectors and everybody with serious interest in the material culture of the ancient world. This is the second volume of a series intended to make public the different parts of the museum’s collection of Mediterranean antiquities. Ce catalogue raisonné présente les lampes et les figurines en terre cuite du Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal ainsi que deux lampes de bronze. La collection, petite mais éclectique, a été formée récemment et comprend un bon échantillon de ces types d'objets. Après en avoir expliqué les techniques de fabrication, le catalogue illustré décrit 44 lampes, 21 statuettes et une arula. Ce livre s'adresse aux étudiants, aux conservateurs, aux archéologues, aux historiens d'art et aux collectionneurs, bref à ceux qu'intéresse l'archéologie du monde antique. Il s'agit du deuxième catalogue d'une série qui vise à publier la collection des antiquités du Musée.
Excavation of the ancient city of Morgantina in southeastern Sicily since 1955 has recovered an extraordinary quantity and variety of pottery, both locally made and imported. This volume presents the fine-ware pottery dating between the second half of the fourth century BCE, when Morgantina was a thriving inland center closely tied to the Hellenistic east through Syracuse, and the first half of the first century CE, when Morgantina had been reduced to a dwindling Roman provincial town that would soon be abandoned. Bearing gloss and often paint or relief, these fine ceramics were mostly tableware, and together they provide a well-defined picture of the evolving material culture of an important urban site over several centuries. And since virtually all these vessels come from dated deposits, this volume provides wide-ranging contributions to the chronology of Hellenistic and early Roman pottery. An introductory chapter sketches out a comprehensive history of the city, discusses the many well-dated archaeological deposits that contained the excavated pottery, and defines the major fabrics of the ceramics found at the site. The bulk of the volume consists of a scholarly presentation of more than 1,500 pottery vessels, analyzing their shapes, fabrics, chronology, decoration, and techniques of fabrication. This rich ceramic material includes significant bodies of Republican black-gloss and red-gloss vases, Sicilian polychrome ware, and Eastern Sigillata A, as well as early Italian terra sigillata, with numerous examples imported from Arezzo and other Italian centers, along with regional versions from Campania and elsewhere on Sicily. The relief ware includes important groups of third-century BCE medallion cups and hemispherical moldmade cups of the second and first centuries BCE. Morgantina was also an active center of pottery production, and the debris from several workshops has been recovered, enabling Shelley Stone to reconstruct the working techniques and materials of the local craftsmen, the range of ceramics they produced, and how their products were influenced by pottery imported to the site from elsewhere on Sicily, the Italian mainland, and even more distant centers. The volume also presents new information about the sources of the clay used by the Morgantina potters, as revealed by X-ray fluorescence analysis of selected vases.
For 60 years Qumran research has been focused on epigraphy, exegesis, and the historical sources of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The manuscripts are now published and accessible, and research is turning in a positive way to the archaeology of the site and its context. The time has come to provide researchers with a complete documentation. The excavator, Roland de Vaux, had given preliminary reports and a valuable interpretation made in the immediate aftermath of the excavations. Since considerable progress has been made in the archeology of Hellenistic and Roman Palestine, however, Qumran has to be reassessed and the interpretation objectively verified.Volume IIIA presents an up-to-date archaeological reconsideration: a shorter and more precise chronology, in which the earthquake of 31 BC is deleted; the concept of an Essene community is challenged, owing to the lack of a suitable infrastructure; the cemetery itself is connected with a Jewish diaspora scattered around the Dead Sea. Other facilities strengthen the Jewish character of the site, however. The function of Qumran fits better with the rites of a pilgrimage on the occasion of the festivals of Passover and Pentecost.In the second part, the peripheral Essene facilities, expanded around an earlier Hellenistic center, are analyzed and described. The essay seeks to outline their internal consistency and to determine their function. The restoration of a stratigraphy, by cross-checking the excavation archives, leads to a redistribution of pottery in four levels in a more precise chronology.The reconsideration makes use of anthropology, which opens up the archaeological field and throws additional light on the manuscripts.