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Alaska Native elders remember wartime invasion, relocation, and land reclamation The US government justified its World War II occupation of Alaska as a defense against Japan’s invasion of the Aleutian Islands, but it equally served to advance colonial expansion in relation to the geographically and culturally diverse Indigenous communities affected. Offering important Alaska Native experiences of this history, Holly Miowak Guise draws on a wealth of oral histories and interviews with Indigenous elders to explore the multidimensional relationship between Alaska Natives and the US military during the Pacific War. The forced relocation and internment of Unangax̂ in 1942 proved a harbinger of Indigenous loss and suffering in World War II Alaska. Violence against Native women, assimilation and Jim Crow segregation, and discrimination against Native servicemen followed the colonial blueprint. Yet Alaska Native peoples took steps to enact their sovereignty and restore equilibrium to their lives by resisting violence and disrupting attempts at US control. Their subversive actions altered the colonial structures imposed upon them by maintaining Indigenous spaces and asserting sovereignty over their homelands. A multifaceted challenge to conventional histories, Alaska Native Resilience shares the experiences of Indigenous peoples from across Alaska to reveal long-overlooked demonstrations of Native opposition to colonialism.
Indigenous nations are on the front line of the climate crisis. With cultures and economies among the most vulnerable to climate-related catastrophes, Native peoples are developing twenty-first century responses to climate change that serve as a model for Natives and non-Native communities alike. Native American tribes in the Pacific Northwest and Indigenous peoples around the Pacific Rim have already been deeply affected by droughts, flooding, reduced glaciers and snowmelts, seasonal shifts in winds and storms, and the northward movement of species on the land and in the ocean. Using tools of resilience, Native peoples are creating defenses to strengthen their communities, mitigate losses, and adapt where possible. Asserting Native Resilience presents a rich variety of perspectives on Indigenous responses to the climate crisis, reflecting the voices of more than twenty contributors, including tribal leaders, scientists, scholars, and activists from the Pacific Northwest, British Columbia, Alaska, and Aotearoa / New Zealand, and beyond. Also included is a resource directory of Indigenous governments, NGOs, and communities and a community organizing booklet for use by Northwest tribes.
A new paper edition of the state's history, which focuses on Russian America and American Alaska.
"This multi-method study examined the resilience, adaptive capacities, and gender role transitions of 73 Alaska Native men, using survey and ethnographic data from the 'Social Transitions of the North' (McNabb, Richards, et al, 1993-1995) and similar follow-up data ten years later. The study found that Alaska Native men are adapting to social and environmental transitions, collective emotional and psychological injury. They are being challenged by the redefinition of their position within the family and community. Data analysis suggested that reliance upon cultural values such as subsistence, responsibility to the tribe, respect for the land, honoring elders and reliance upon Christian values can help them adapt and minimize effects of chronic social problems. Numerous cultures have experienced genocide and unresolved trauma across generations. The results of this study can help social workers and other providers gain an understanding of the importance of improving resilience by helping cultures maintain their uniqueness and integrity"--Leaf ii.
Indigenous Peoples around the world and our allies often reflect on the many challenges that continue to confront us, the reasons behind health, economic, and social disparities, and the best ways forward to a healthy future. This book draws on theoretical, conceptual, and evidence-based scholarship as well as interviews with scholars immersed in Indigenous wellbeing, to examine contemporary issues for Native Americans. It includes reflections on resilience as well as disparities. In recent decades, there has been increasing attention on how trauma, both historical and contemporary, shapes the lives of Native Americans. Indigenous scholars urge recognition of historical trauma as a framework for understanding contemporary health and social disparities. Accordingly, this book uses a trauma-informed lens to examine Native American issues with the understanding that even when not specifically seeking to address trauma directly, it is useful to understand that trauma is a common experience that can shape many aspects of life. Scholarship on trauma and trauma-informed care is integrated with scholarship on historical trauma, providing a framework for examining contemporary issues for Native American populations. It should be considered essential reading for all human service professionals working with Native American clients, as well as a core text for Native American studies and classes on trauma or diversity more generally.
This handbook provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge strengths-based resource on the subject of Indigenous resilience. Indigenous Peoples demonstrate considerable resilience despite the social, health, economic, and political disparities they experience within surrounding settler societies. This book considers Indigenous resilience in many forms: cultural, spiritual, and governance traditions remain in some communities and are being revitalized in others to reclaim aspects of their cultures that have been outlawed, suppressed, or undermined. It explores how Indigenous people advocate for social justice and work to shape settler societies in ways that create a more just, fair, and equitable world for all human and non-human beings. This book is divided into five sections: From the past to the future Pillars of Indigeneity The power in Indigenous identities The natural world Reframing the narrative: from problem to opportunity Comprised of 25 newly commissioned chapters from Indigenous scholars, professionals, and community members from traditions around the world, this book will be a useful tool for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of manifestations of wellness and resilience. This handbook will be of particular interest to all scholars, students, and practitioners of social work, social care, and human services more broadly, as well as those working in sociology, development studies, and environmental sustainability.
As a mythical creature, the whale has been responsible for many transformations in the world. It is an enchanting being that humans have long felt a connection to. In the contemporary environmental imagination, whales are charismatic megafauna feeding our environmentalism and aspirations for a better and more sustainable future. Using multispecies ethnography, Whale Snow explores how everyday the relatedness of the Iñupiat of Arctic Alaska and the bowhead whale forms and transforms “the human” through their encounters with modernity. Whale Snow shows how the people live in the world that intersects with other beings, how these connections came into being, and, most importantly, how such intimate and intense relations help humans survive the social challenges incurred by climate change. In this time of ecological transition, exploring multispecies relatedness is crucial as it keeps social capacities to adapt relational, elastic, and resilient. In the Arctic, climate, culture, and human resilience are connected through bowhead whaling. In Whale Snow we see how climate change disrupts this ancient practice and, in the process, affects a vital expression of Indigenous sovereignty. Ultimately, though, this book offers a story of hope grounded in multispecies resilience.
Introduction: Alaska Native (AN) communities have retained a traditional way of life despite centuries of historical trauma and oppression. AN Elders possess a rich understanding of historical events. This study aims to identify the meaning and relative activities of resiliency, strength, and purposefulness as perceived by AN Sugpiaq Elders. Method: Eleven Elders shared their storied-narratives describing resiliency, strength, and purposefulness. A decolonizing framework was used throughout the study process, with a primary focus on individual and collective strengths. Storied-narratives were analyzed using an Indigenous method reflective of the whole story and a non-Indigenous method of thematic identification. Findings from these two approaches provided a multi-faceted tapestry of resiliency, strength, and purposefulness as perceived by AN Elders. Results: An overarching theme of collectiveness was predominant throughout the storied-narratives. Additional themes inclusive of the (1) Russian Orthodox religion, (2) getting back to the old ways, (3) Elder love and pride, (4) living in two worlds, and (5) the power of nature depicted a cyclical relationship between resiliency, strength, and purposefulness for the individual and community. Discussion: Results showed that the Elders of this community intertwined their personal resiliency, strength, and purposefulness with that of the community into a collective whole. They asserted the concept of resiliency is not static. It is instead a process of developing pathways throughout life to counteract the challenges of personal and socio-political factors. Findings from this study provide valuable information for future strength-based wellness programs and a foundation for additional resiliency research with Alaska Native peoples.