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The Mishkat Al-Anwar, literally translated "The Niche for Lights," is a theological and philosophical sufi text by the well-known Muhammad Al-Ghazzali. Though the exact date of its writing is unknown, it was authored after his opus Ihya' ulum al-din, or Revival of Religious Sciences. The work focuses on expanding upon the meaning behind a verse in the Qu'ran--the Light Verse (S. 24, 35)--and upon the Veils Tradition in Islam. The book is divided into three sections; in the first Al-Ghazzali deconstructs the word "light" and all its meanings, in the second he discusses the symbolic language in the Qu'ran and Muslim traditions, and in the third he applies his findings to the verse and tradition itself. ABU HAMED MUHAMMAD IBN MUHAMMAD AL-GHAZZALI (1058-1111)was a Persian Islamic philosopher, theologian, psychologist, and mystic, known today as one of the most famous Sunni scholars in history, sometimes cited as next-in-importance only to Muhammad. Born in Tus, Al-Ghazzali was a pioneer of methodic doubt; his work The Incoherence of Philosophers shifted early Islamic philosophy from metaphysics to the theory of occasionalism, an Islamic doctrine that states cause-and-effect is controlled by God. He also succeeded in bringing orthodox Islam in contact with Sufism. The author of more than 70 books on various subjects, his influence continues to stretch far and wide even today.
Al-Ghazali's classic commentary upon the Quranic verse of lights is translated with authentic excellence by William Henry Temple Gairdner. A revered Islamic philosopher, theologian and astronomer of the 11th century, Al-Ghazali's commentaries upon religious topics are celebrated along with his more scientific works. The mystical nature of the Verse of Light fascinated scholars of Islam, its passages are considered many-faceted in meaning, its beauty and evocative imagery an example of the rich literary prowess present in the Holy Qur'an. The first half of this book contains an extensive scholarly analysis of Al-Ghazali, his life, writings and ideas on a variety of pertinent topics. Through these informed essays we are immersed in the culture of Medieval-era Islamic society, and prepared for the translation of the Mishkat which follows. Gairdner's guidance is poignant and well-written, allowing the curious reader to appreciate the symbolism that underpins the philosophy of Islamic thinkers. Scholars of the era considered the Qur'an as a guiding light upon matters of science and learning as well as religious observance, and such concepts are voiced in studies like the Mishkat.
This book is the first of its kind to focus entirely on the Qur’anic interpretation of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058-1111), a towering figure of Sunni Islam. Martin Whittingham explores both al-Ghazali’s hermeneutical methods and his interpretations of particular Quranic texts, and covers al-Ghazali’s mystical, legal and theological concerns. Divided into two parts: part one examines al-Ghazali’s legal and Sufi theoretical discussions part two asks how these theories relate to his practice, analysing the only three of al-Ghazali’s works which are centrally concerned with interpreting particular Qur’anic passages: Jawahir al-Qur’an (The Jewels of the Qur’an); Al-Qist as al-mustaqim (The Correct Balance); and Mishkat al-anwar (The Niche for Lights). Providing a new point of access to the works of al-Ghazali, this book will be welcomed by scholars and students of Islamic studies, religious studies, hermeneutics, and anyone interested in how Muslims understand the Qur’an.
Abu Hamid Mohammad ibn Mohammad Al-Ghazali (1058-1111), known as Algazel to the western medieval world, was born and died in Tus, in the Khorasan province of Persia (modern day Iran). He was a Muslim theologian, jurist, philosopher, psychologist and mystic of Persian origin and remains one of the most celebrated scholars in the history of Sufi Islamic thought. He is considered a pioneer of the methods of doubt and skepticism, and in one of his major works, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, he changed the course of early Islamic philosophy, shifting it away from the influence of ancient Greek and Hellenistic philosophy, and towards cause-and-effect that were determined by Allah. He received many titles such as Sharaful A'emma, Zainuddin and Hujjatul Islam, meaning "Proof of Islam." The autobiography Ghazali wrote towards the end of his life, The Confessions of Al-Ghazali: Rescuer from Error is considered a work of great importance. Another of Ghazali's major works is Ihya al-Ulum al-Din or Ihya'ul Ulumuddin (The Revival of Religious Sciences). It covers almost all fields of Islamic sciences: fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), kalam (theology) and sufism.