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Cattle have been the mainstay of Irish farming since the Neolithic began in Ireland almost 6000 years ago. Cattle, and especially cows, have been important in the life experiences of most Irish people, directly and/or through legends such as the Táin Bó Cuailnge (The Cattle-raid of Cooley). In this book, diverse aspects of cattle in Ireland, from the circumstances of their first introduction to recent and ongoing developments in the management of grasslands – still the main food-source for cattle in Ireland – are explored in thirteen essays written by experts. New information is presented, and several aspects relating to cattle husbandry and the interactions of cattle and people that have hitherto received little or no attention are discussed.
This book is the first detailed study to be published on pre-bog fields and early farming in Ireland. It contains the results of new archaeological research on prehistoric and early medieval Ireland, and the story of Irish farming and its impact on the environment over the past 4000 years.
First full survey of how transhumance operated in Ireland from the sixteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth.
Medieval Ireland is often described as a backward-looking nation in which change only came about as a result of foreign invasions. By examining the wealth of under-explored evidence available, Downham challenges this popular notion and demonstrates what a culturally rich and diverse place medieval Ireland was. Starting in the fifth century, when St Patrick arrived on the island, and ending in the fifteenth century, with the efforts of the English government to defend the lands which it ruled directly around Dublin by building great ditches, this up-to-date and accessible survey charts the internal changes in the region. Chapters dispute the idea of an archaic society in a wide-range of areas, with a particular focus on land-use, economy, society, religion, politics and culture. This concise and accessible overview offers a fresh perspective on Ireland in the Middle Ages and overthrows many enduring stereotypes.
This volume is a selection of some of the most inspirational papers given at the first three 'Space and Settlement' conferences held annually at Trinity College, Dublin. Each contribution represents the 'new frontier' of research in this growing field of academic endeavor, which broadly embraces the disciplines of history, geography, and archaeology. Contents include: Space, Settlement and Medieval Atlanticism * Viking Age Hoards: Trade and Exchange * Mapping Urban Space and Settlement * Castlemore Deserted Medieval Village * Reconstructing Battlefield Landscapes * The Tower Houses of Co. Down, Stylistic Similarity, Functional Difference * Decline of Tower Houses * Medieval Rural Settlement * Viking Waterford * Leinster Ringworks * Deer Parks. [Subject: History, Medieval Studies, Irish Studies, Archaeology, Geography]
Landscapes of Neolithic Ireland is the first volume to be devoted solely to the Irish Neolithic, using an innovative landscape and anthropological perspective to provide significant new insights on the period. Gabriel Cooney argues that the archaeological evidence demonstrates a much more complex picture than the current orthodoxy on Neolithic Europe, with its assumption of mobile lifestyles, suggests. He integrates the study of landscape, settlement, agriculture, material culture and burial practice to offer a rounded, realistic picture of the complexities and the realities of Neolithic lives and societies in Ireland.
The Irish Neolithic has been dominated by the study of megalithic tombs, but the defining element of Irish settlement evidence is the rectangular timber Early Neolithic house, the numbers of which have more than quadrupled in the last ten years. The substantial Early Neolithic timber house was a short-lived architectural phenomenon of as little as 90 years, perhaps like short-lived Early Neolithic long barrows and causewayed enclosures. This book explores the wealth of evidence for settlement and houses throughout the Irish Neolithic, in relation to Britain and continental Europe. More importantly it incorporates the wealth of new, and often unpublished, evidence from developer-led archaeological excavations and large grey-literature resources. The settlement evidence scattered across the landscape, and found as a result of developer-funded work, provides the social context for the more famous stone monuments that have traditionally shaped our views of the Neolithic in Ireland. It provides the first comprehensive review of the Neolithic settlement of Ireland, which enables a more holistic and meaningful understanding of the Irish Neolithic.
Animals have played a fundamental role in shaping human history, and the study of their remains from archaeological sites - zooarchaeology - has gradually been emerging as a powerful discipline and crucible for forging an understanding of our past. This Handbook offers a cutting-edge, global compendium of zooarchaeology that seeks to provide a holistic view of the role played by animals in past human cultures. Case studies from across five continents explore ahuge range of human-animal interactions from an array of geographical, historical, and cultural contexts, and also illuminate the many approaches and methods adopted by different schools and traditions instudying these relationships.
This is the first major publication of the Discovery Programme's Medieval Rural Settlement Project. The book is a study of the medieval region that contained and was defined by the presence of Ireland's largest nucleated settlement. Combining documentary and archaeological data, this volume explores the primary settlement features of the hinterland area, including defensive monuments, manors, the church, and the Pale. It examines the ways in which resources of the region were managed and exploited to produce food, fuel, and raw materials for both town and country, and it investigates the processing of these raw materials for human consumption. Then as now, the city profoundly affected its surrounding area through its demands for resources and through the ownership of land by Dubliners (ecclesiastics and lay) and the control of trade by city merchants. In addition to presenting a timely examination of urban-rural interaction, the book contributes to wider debates on topics such as settlement landscapes, the role of lordship, and the productivity of agriculture.