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An introduction to the political, social, and economic conditions of the continent, which provides the reader with a background setting to the existing conditions today. Includes over 78 annexes which contain hard-to-find information relating to various economic aspects of the economy by country.
The premise of The Environment and Development in Africa is that current environmental problems in sub-Saharan Africa are an outcome of the continent's development activities. Whether these activities have generated economic growth and raised living standards or have led to growth without overall increases in living standards-or have even contributed to a decline in people's well-being-developments in that region have produced effects that have degraded Africa's environment in many ways. This book presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the context of the environmental issues facing sub-Saharan African states. Contributors discuss the problems associated with generating the capacity to manage Africa's environmental concerns; assess the impact of economic development efforts on the region's environment; and examine various societal and policy responses to environmental problems and to development problems linked to ecological decay. This is an important book for scholars and policy advisors concerned with African studies and global environmental issues.
Expounds a new concept of human security- one that focuses on the security of people in their homes, in their jobs, in their communities and in their environment.
World Development Report 1994 examines the link between infrastructure and development and explores ways in which developing countries can improve both the provision and the quality of infrastructure services. In recent decades, developing countries have made substantial investments in infrastructure, achieving dramatic gains for households and producers by expanding their access to services such as safe water, sanitation, electric power, telecommunications, and transport. Even more infrastructure investment and expansion are needed in order to extend the reach of services - especially to people living in rural areas and to the poor. But as this report shows, the quantity of investment cannot be the exclusive focus of policy. Improving the quality of infrastructure service also is vital. Both quantity and quality improvements are essential to modernize and diversify production, help countries compete internationally, and accommodate rapid urbanization. The report identifies the basic cause of poor past performance as inadequate institutional incentives for improving the provision of infrastructure. To promote more efficient and responsive service delivery, incentives need to be changed through commercial management, competition, and user involvement. Several trends are helping to improve the performance of infrastructure. First, innovation in technology and in the regulatory management of markets makes more diversity possible in the supply of services. Second, an evaluation of the role of government is leading to a shift from direct government provision of services to increasing private sector provision and recent experience in many countries with public-private partnerships is highlighting new ways to increase efficiency and expand services. Third, increased concern about social and environmental sustainability has heightened public interest in infrastructure design and performance.
This volume provides data from 1970-99 with a wealth of indicators, grouped into 14 chapters: background data; national accounts; prices and exchange rates; money and banking; external sector; external debt and related flows; government finance; agriculture; power, communications, and transportation; public enterprises; labor force and employment; aid flows; social indicators; environmental indicators; and household welfare indicators. African Development Indicators 2001 includes purchasing power parity (PPP) indicators. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction on the nature of the data and their limitations, followed by a set of charts, statistical tables, and technical notes that define the indicators and identify their specific source. The electronic version of the African Development Indicators 2001 is available separately in the World Bank Africa Database 2001 CD-ROM.
This volume presents more than 500 indicators for 53 African countries with which to monitor development programmes and aid flows in the region. The data covers the period 1980-2000, and has been derived mainly from national statistical services in Africa, supplemented by information from international agencies and World Bank staff estimates where available. The book is divided into 15 chapters which cover: selected background data; national accounts; prices and exchange rates; money and banking; external sector issues; external debt and related flows; government finance; agriculture; power, communications and transportation; the privatisation of public enterprises; labour force and employment; aid flows; social indicators; environmental indicators; and the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative.
This volume contains more than 500 economic, social and environmental data indicators from a wide variety of sources for 53 African countries and five regional country groups, in order to present a broad picture of development across the continent. The data covers the period 1980-2002, and is grouped into 16 chapters which cover: selected background data; national accounts; prices and exchange rates; money and banking; external sector issues; external debt and related flows; government finance; agriculture; power, communications and transportation; privatisation of public enterprises; labour force and employment; aid flows; social indicators; environmental indicators; the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative; and household welfare.
"African Development Indicators 2005 provides the most detailed collection of data on Africa available in one volume. It contains more than 500 macroeconomic, sectoral, and social indicators, covering over 50 African countries with data from 1965-2003. The book is grouped into 17 chapters: background data; national accounts; prices and exchange rates; money and banking; external sector; external debt and related flows; government finance; agriculture; power, communications, and transportation;doing business; labor force and employment; aid flows; social indicators; environmental indicators; HIPC debt initiative; household welfare; and public enterprises. Each chapter begins with a brief introduction on the nature of the data and their limitations, followed by a set of statistical tables, charts, and technical notes that define the indicators and identify their specific source. Included are tables on HIV/AIDS, Communications and Transportation, and the HIPC Debt Initiative. Designed to provide all those interested in Africa with a focused and convenient set of data to monitor development programs and aid flows in the region, this is an invaluable reference tools for analysts and policymakers who want a better understanding of the economic and social developments occurring in Africa."
This work explains why the two U.N. development programs for Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, UNPAAERD and UNNADAF, failed. It argues that institutional weaknesses of the U.N. and constraints imposed by the world economic order contributed to the failure of these programs.