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The author looks at Africa in the sixties and at the major events which have shaped the destiny of the continent for decades since the end of colonial rule. Most of the countries had won independence by 1968. It was the euphoric and turbulent sixties when African countries were confronted with the harsh realities of nationhood including nation building and state consolidation. They were also years of military coups and assassinations as well as conflicts: the ouster of Kwame Nkrumah who led Ghana to become the first black African country to win independence; the Congo crisis including the secession of Katanga province and the assassination of Patrice Lumumba; the Nigerian civil war triggered by the secession of the Eastern Region which declared independence as the Republic of Biafra; the Zanzibar Revolution followed by the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar which led to the creation of a new country, Tanzania, which is the only union of independent states ever formed on the continent; and liberation wars in the countries of southern Africa which were under white minority rule. There were many other events which took place across the continent during those years. Almost all the major events which have taken place on the continent through the decades can be traced back to the sixties in one way or another. That was when the foundations of the young African nations were laid. It was also during those years when African governments adopted and implemented policies, including imported -isms which had a profound impact on the continent for decades. It was probably the most important decade in the history of post-colonial Africa.
v. 3: The third volume in the series examines the role of anti-apartheid movements around the world. The global anti-apartheid movement was very successful in creating awareness of the liberation struggle in South Africa, and in contributing to the downfall of the apartheid government. This volume, in 2 parts, brings together analyses which in the main are written by activist scholars with deep roots in the movements and organizations they are writing about.
Volume 1 tells the history of the struggle for liberation in South Africa in the 1960s and includes chapters about "The turn to the armed struggle" and "The Morogoro Conference." Volume 2 is about the history of the liberation struggle in the crucial decade of the 1970s and includes chapters on "The Soweto Uprisings" and "The ANC Undeground." Volume 3 tells how other countries of the world (those outside the African continent) helped the oppressed majority in South Africa gain their freedom. Volume 4 concentrates on the 1980s, when the liberation movement took major strides that finally broke the backbone of white supremacist rule. Volume 5 highlights the role of supporting the liberation movement that was played by countries on the African continent, including Ghana, Algeria, and Tanzania. Volume 6 describes the crucial period from the unbanning of liberation organisations in 1990 to the triumph of South Africa's first democratic elections in April 1994. It further discusses the afterrmath of the elections: the on-going violence in areas such as Natal and the PWV region, and how South Africans of all political persuasions adjusted to the new dispensation and worked together to devise the 1996 Constitution.--Edited information from back covers.