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Sixty-four international academics, attorneys, government specialists, and consultants contribute to this two-volume reference text, providing an objective overview of current scholarship on affirmative action and its impact on such areas as law, ethics, political science, economics, history, philosophy, and sociology in the U.S. and abroad. Included are a timeline of major events in the development of affirmative action in the U.S., from 1865 to the present, and the full texts of Gratz v. Bollinger and Grutter v. Bollinger--two landmark Supreme Court decisions of June 2003. For high school and college students; professionals in fields dealing with race, equality, and affirmative action; and general readers. Annotation : 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Affirmative Action and the Law analyses the practical application of affirmative action measures and their efficacy in achieving substantive equality through the lenses of the United Nations human rights machinery and the legal regime and policies implemented in China, India, Central and South America, South Africa and the United Kingdom. The product of a joint research project involving academics from the Brazil, Chile, Mexico, India, Spain and the United Kingdom, the findings identify and reflect on trends emerging from State practice across the world in eradicating structural inequality through special measures for certain designated groups. The book seeks to provide a coherent and systematic approach to the analysis of special measures in the targeted countries. It also comprises two case-studies with in-depth insights on gender diversity on the boards of public listed companies in the UK and the European Union and the access of persons with disabilities to higher education in Brazil. The book will be a valuable resource for students and academics in the field of human rights, law, sociology and politics. It will also provide a source of good practice for states and policy makers in the framing of responses to increased inequality at national and international level; and for civil society actors seeking to explore meaningful interaction with a highly controversial topic in society.
This study begins with a discussion of the U.S. Supreme Court case involving Harvard University and the University of North Carolina and their unconstitutional affirmative action admission policies, then proceeds to speculate as to whether this Supreme Court decision can be applied to other questionable policies such as diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) and ESG (environmental, social, governance) policies, which have certain common attributes with affirmative action. It then instructs ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot to write a two-part essay, where part one puts forth arguments to support the view that DEI policies are unconstitutional and part two puts forth arguments in support of the view that such policies are not unconstitutional. The study is intended to start a discussion on the matter by presenting both views in an objective, unbiased manner. The present study is part of a larger study that examines the capabilities of ChatGPT. References to more than 30 other ChatGPT studies are included in the reference section, along with links, which makes it easier for scholars to conduct their own studies of this AI tool.
A briefing before the United States Commission on Civil Rights, held in Washington, D.C., June 16, 2006.
Debates surrounding Affirmative Action, the public policies and initiatives designed to help eliminate past and present discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, have raged for years. In his book, Professor Farron examines the history of affirmative action and exposes the fraudulent nature of its justification. The Affirmative Action Hoax centers on universities where academic achievement can be clearly compared and where affirmative action generates intense controversy. The Affirmative Action Hoax offers an uninhibited examination of the practice and exposes the damage it causes to society.
Affirmative Action examines the larger structure of institutional white privilege in education, and compares the magnitude of white racial preference with the policies typically envisioned when the term "racial preference" is used. In doing so, the book demonstrates that the American system of education is both a reflection of and a contributor to a structure of institutionalized racism and racial preference for the dominant majority.
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An eminent authority presents a new perspective on affirmative action in a provocative book that will stir fresh debate about this vitally important issue