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The objective of this work is to define and establish the class of adverbs in Old Anatolian Turkish (OAT) as a solid grammatical category. In this work, adverbs and adverbials are taken in a wider scope, and the phrasal and syntactic adverbial constructions such as word groups, converbs and adverbial clauses are analyzed for that purpose. Adverbs are treated as a syntactic phenomenon and all analyses are carried out on syntactic contexts in examples of full sentences and sentence groups. In this work, the aim is to answer the following questions in OAT: to show what the functions and functional variations of adverbs are in the sentence, to show what the structures and the structural variations of adverbs are, to define what the meanings of the adverbs in OAT as a grammatical category are by examining the lexical, morphological and syntactic elements in the sentence.
The Turkish language in diaspora is in process of change due to different language constellations of immigrants and the dominance of majority languages. This led to a great interest in various research areas, particularly in linguistics. Against this background, this study focuses on developmental change in the use of adverbial clause-combining constructions in Turkish-German bilingual students' oral and written text production. It illustrates the use of non-finite constructions and some unique alternative strategies to express adverbial relations with authentic examples in Turkish and German. The findings contribute to a better understanding of how bilingual competencies vary in expressing adverbial relations depending on language contact and extra-linguistic factors. Dr. Seda Yilmaz Wörfel completed a Ph.D. in German linguistics at the University of Potsdam, Germany. She works as a research associate at the Mercator-Institute for Literacy and Language Education at the University of Cologne. Her research interests are Turkish-German Bilingualism, Second Language Acquisition, Multiliteracy and Language Contact.
Turkic is one of the world's major language families, comprising a high number of distinct languages and varieties that display remarkable similarities and notable differences. Written by a leading expert in the field, this landmark work provides an unrivalled overview of multiple features of Turkic, covering structural, functional, historical, sociolinguistic and literary aspects. It presents the history and cultures of the speakers, structures, and use of the whole set of languages within the family, including Turkish, Azeri, Turkmen, Tatar, Kazakh, Uzbek, and Uyghur, and gives a comprehensive overview of published works on Turkic languages, large and small. It also provides an innovative theoretical framework, employing a unified terminology and transcription, to give new insights into the Turkic linguistic type. Requiring no previous knowledge of the Turkic languages, it will be welcomed by both general readers, as well as academic researchers and students of linguistic typology, comparative linguistics, and Turkic studies.