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Edited by the Society for Underwater Technology, this text covers advances in subsea pipeline engineering and technology. Topics covered include changes in the industry, high pressure/high temperature, design, construction/installation and operations and maintenance.
Dr C P Ellinas Advanced Mechanics & Engineering Ltd Major advances have been achieved in recent years in subsea pipeline design and installation. Inspection, maintenance and repair have also received much attention. The development of marginal fields has brought with it special problems, which have necessitated novel methods and solutions. In the meanwhile interest in the development of deepwater fields continues with the development of new technology. This Conference has placed emphasis in addressing developments in pipeline technology under four main headings: pipeline/seabed interaction; flexible pipelines; pipeline design, fabrication and installation; deepwater applications. Advances in North Sea technology over the last few years have been concerned mostly with marginal fields, small diameter pipelines and new materials, which are well covered in the first three topics. Economic development of marginal fields requires processing of oil and gas to take place not at the wellhead but at existing facilities, usually some distance away. Hydrocarbons are thus often transported at high pressure and temperature in small diameter pipelines, which need to be protected through trenching. However, such operational practice has brought to the fore a problem that in the past was of little concern namely, upheaval buckling.
This book reviews key developments in the field of marine science and technology. It focuses on three major themes such as the importance of technical developments in ocean management, the application of these developments to specific sea uses ranging from fish farming to the disposal of industrial waste, and the long-term issues that such developments raise.
The concept of using flexible, reelable pipe to transport liquids, gases, and vapours is not a new one. As early as the 1940s a steel braided elastomeric pipeline was developed for the Allied Forces in order to transport fuels to support the Normandy Beacheads. In fact, the longest flexible pipeline ever constructed is likely to be that laid across the English Channel as part of 'Operation Pluto'. The methodology used to handle and instal such pipe is also not new. Ellis (1943, London) in an early patent specification identifies three basic objectives for a flexible pipelining method. These are: prefabrication of the pipe onshore; coiling of the pipe on suitable drums or reels; and using such reels to lay pipe from anchored or motorised barges. The design concept for flexible pipe is also not a new invention given that flexible hoses and umbilicals have been in service for more than sixty years. A break-through was however achieved by the French Institute of Petroleum in the early 1970s when they developed an improved steel reinforced pipe structure having a high axial loading capaci ty which utilised corrosion and hydrocarbon resistant polymers to extend pipe service lifetime. This early pipe design utilised established cable making techniques to apply steel armour and axially and radially reinforce alternating layers of polymer sheaths. The pipe was primarily developed as a flowline for use in static seabed applications.
Aspect '94 is the most up-to-date and comprehensive assessment of the present and future of the pipeline systems industry. It comprises papers from leading experts in all areas of pipeline engineering and technology. As this book shows, the last few years have seen great strides forward in the field of subsea pipelines. Deepwater pipelines, long distance pipelines and complex systems transporting hydrocarbons and fluids to and from marginal field subsea wellheads and templates are all being implemented without significant problems. The pace of progress continues to accelerate in the subsea industry, and the scope to make further improvements is constantly being explored. Operators, consultants, suppliers and contractors are all researching, developing and testing new techniques and ideas.
The conference, organized jointly by the International Association of Underwater Engineering Contractors and the Society for Underwater Technology, was held in November 1989. The three sessions cover changing requirements for underwater inspection and maintenance; developments in remotely controlled technology; and advances in diving safety. No index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Two main areas of offshore activity are addressed in this book: Site investigation on assessment; and Applications and foundation engineering. The 37 contributions from a wide ranging group of international experts, are resulting from the Offshore Site Investigation and Foundation Behaviour Conference, London, U.K., September 1992. Adequate determination of site conditions can only be achieved by the integrated approach of using geological, geophysical and geotechnical data. Developments in data acquisition techniques are illustrated through case histories in the section on Geotechnical Sampling and Testing. In the section on Advanced Interpretation Techniques and Integrated Interpretations the state of the art of these topics is also illustrated by case histories. A review of foundation behaviour is presented in the section on Gravity Foundations, Foundation Performance Monitoring, Piling Research and Design Criteria. These topics are illustrated in the light of field experience and recent research, in particular that involving full-scale tests and monitoring. This book provides many illustrative figures and much pertinent information to exploration and marine geophysicists, petroleum and offshore engineers and for researchers working these fields.