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An exploration of the technical, economic, and energy-saving aspects of the design, modeling, and operation of non-conventional cooling and heating systems Cooling and heating can collectively constitute one of the largest sources of energy consumption in a modern building, with attendant costs and sustainability concerns. As the global climate changes and temperature extremes produce demand for even greater energy consumption, energy-efficient methods for cooling interior spaces have become more important than ever. Our sustainable future demands non-conventional methods for cooling and thermal storage which can meet the demands of a changing climate and an efficient, renewable power grid. Advancements in Non-Conventional Cooling and Thermal Storage Strategies offers a detailed introduction to the latest cutting-edge space conditioning technologies for buildings. Beginning with an overview of activated carbon-based adsorbents and their potential heating and cooling applications, it moves to an analysis of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) as a potential sustainable cooling source. Thorough, rigorous, and fully up to date, it’s indispensable for a range of professionals working to make habitable, energy-efficient human spaces. Advancements in Non-Conventional Cooling and Thermal Storage Strategies readers will find: Techniques for both active and passive space conditioning systems Detailed discussion of topics including adsorbent-refrigerant pairings, techniques for incorporating fresh air at high air change per hour, and more A composite case study with examples from across the globe to provide an understanding of technical requirements Advancements in Non-Conventional Cooling and Thermal Storage Strategies is ideal for researchers and professional mechanical and civil engineers, those working in space-cooling, HVAC, and building design industries, and research and design personnel of HVAC equipment manufacturing industry.
Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies store thermal energy (both heat and cold) for later use as required, rather than at the time of production. They are therefore important counterparts to various intermittent renewable energy generation methods and also provide a way of valorising waste process heat and reducing the energy demand of buildings. This book provides an authoritative overview of this key area. Part one reviews sensible heat storage technologies. Part two covers latent and thermochemical heat storage respectively. The final section addresses applications in heating and energy systems. Reviews sensible heat storage technologies, including the use of water, molten salts, concrete and boreholes Describes latent heat storage systems and thermochemical heat storage Includes information on the monitoring and control of thermal energy storage systems, and considers their applications in residential buildings, power plants and industry
ADVANCES IN ENERGY STORAGE An accessible reference describing the newest advancements in energy storage technologies Advances in Energy Storage: Latest Developments from R&D to the Market is a comprehensive exploration of a wide range of energy storage technologies that use the fundamental energy conversion method. The distinguished contributors discuss the foundational principles, common materials, construction, device operation, and system level performance of the technology, as well as real-world applications. The book also includes examinations of the industry standards that apply to energy storage technologies and the commercial status of various kinds of energy storage. The book has been written by accomplished leaders in the field and address electrochemical, chemical, thermal, mechanical, and superconducting magnetic energy storage. They offer insightful treatments of relevant policy instruments and posit likely future advancements that will support and stimulate energy storage. Advances in Energy Storage also includes: A thorough introduction to electrochemical, electrical, and super magnetic energy storage, including foundational electrochemistry concepts used in modern power sources A comprehensive exploration of mechanical energy storage and pumped hydro energy storage Practical discussions of compressed air energy storage and flywheels, including the geology, history, and development of air energy storage In-depth examinations of thermal energy storage, including new material developments for latent and thermochemical heat storage Perfect for practicing electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, and materials scientists, Advances in Energy Storage: Latest Developments from R&D to the Market is also an indispensable reference for researchers and graduate students in these fields.
Advances in Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems relates the latest information on source heat pumps (GSHPs), the types of heating and/or cooling systems that transfer heat from, or to, the ground, or, less commonly, a body of water. As one of the fastest growing renewable energy technologies, they are amongst the most energy efficient systems for space heating, cooling, and hot water production, with significant potential for a reduction in building carbon emissions. The book provides an authoritative overview of developments in closed loop GSHP systems, surface water, open loop systems, and related thermal energy storage systems, addressing the different technologies and component methods of analysis and optimization, among other subjects. Chapters on building integration and hybrid systems complete the volume. Provides the geological aspects and building integration covered together in one convenient volume Includes chapters on hybrid systems Presents carefully selected chapters that cover areas in which there is significant ongoing research Addresses geothermal heat pumps in both heating and cooling modes
Çukurova University, Turkey in collaboration with Ljubljana University, Slovenia and the International Energy Agency Implementing Agreement on Energy Conservation Through Energy Storage (IEA ECES IA) organized a NATO Advanced Study Institute on Thermal Energy Storage for Sustainable Energy Consumption – Fundamentals, Case Studies and Design (NATO ASI TESSEC), in Cesme, Izmir, Turkey in June, 2005. This book contains manuscripts based on the lectures included in the scientific programme of the NATO ASI TESSEC.
With an eye toward decreasing reliance on fossil fuels, electric utilities are increasingly deploying more and more renewable generation assets. Large amounts of electricity are consumed by chillers operating on-demand providing chilled water to meet space cooling loads instantaneously as they occur in larger buildings. Unfortunately, the cost of electricity is highest during daytime, on-peak periods when building thermal loads are highest which translates into higher space conditioning operating costs. Approaches that can reduce or shift electricity demands can provide significant benefit for both building owners and utilities deploying renewable generation assets. Cool Thermal Energy Storage (CTES) is a proven technology that decouples the production of cooling from the coincident demand and can bridge mismatches between intermittent renewable generation and the aggregate demand for electricity. This dissertation describes CTES control strategies that aim to more effectively utilize the generation of electricity from renewable energy resources. Specifically, the control strategies function to operate electricity-intensive chillers to charge thermal storage systems during periods when electricity from renewable sources is available followed by idling the chillers and discharging storage to meet building cooling loads during periods when renewable energy is not available. A second set of control strategies aim to maximize the net economic benefit of owning and operating a CTES system. Lastly, dynamic control strategies which utilize optimization algorithms are employed to minimize the electricity cost associated with operating the chiller system. The parametric studies show a trade-off between maximizing the use of renewable power and minimizing life-cycle cost, but a storage system designed to optimize the use of renewable resources will always be more cost effective and better at utilizing electricity from renewable energy resources than a building without storage. Buildings equipped with CTES enabled an increase in renewable energy utilization that ranged from 10% to more than 50% compared to non storage cases. Results from dynamic control strategies show an 11 to 24% electricity cost reduction from the constant parameter control strategy depending on the variability of the electricity rate structure. These results suggest that widespread implementation of CTES systems will assist utilities in reaching their renewable penetration targets.
This book covers various aspects of thermal energy storage. It looks at storage methods for thermal energy and reviews the various materials that store thermal energy and goes on to propose advanced materials that store energy better than conventional materials. The book also presents various thermophysical properties of advanced materials and the role of thermal energy storage in different applications such as buildings, solar energy, seawater desalination and cooling devices. The advanced energy storage materials have massive impact on heat transfer as compared to conventional energy storage materials. A concise discussion regarding current status, leading groups, journals and the countries working on advanced energy storage materials has also been provided. This book is useful to researchers, professionals and policymakers alike.
The ability of thermal energy storage (TES) systems to facilitate energy savings, renewable energy use and reduce environmental impact has led to a recent resurgence in their interest. The second edition of this book offers up-to-date coverage of recent energy efficient and sustainable technological methods and solutions, covering analysis, design and performance improvement as well as life-cycle costing and assessment. As well as having significantly revised the book for use as a graduate text, the authors address real-life technical and operational problems, enabling the reader to gain an understanding of the fundamental principles and practical applications of thermal energy storage technology. Beginning with a general summary of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer, this book goes on to discuss practical applications with chapters that include TES systems, environmental impact, energy savings, energy and exergy analyses, numerical modeling and simulation, case studies and new techniques and performance assessment methods.
Solar Heating and Cooling Systems: Fundamentals, Experiments and Applications provides comprehensive coverage of this modern energy issue from both a scientific and technical level that is based on original research and the synthesis of consistent bibliographic material that meets the increasing need for modernization and greater energy efficiency to significantly reduce CO2 emissions. Ioan Sarbu and Calin Sebarchievici present a comprehensive overview of all major solar energy technologies, along with the fundamentals, experiments, and applications of solar heating and cooling systems. Technical, economic, and energy saving aspects related to design, modeling, and operation of these systems are also explored. This reference includes physical and mathematical concepts developed to make this publication a self-contained and up-to-date source of information for engineers, researchers, and professionals who are interested in the use of solar energy as an alternative energy source. Includes learning aims, chapter summaries, problems and solutions to support the theories presented Puts a specific emphasis on the practical application of the technologies in heating and cooling systems Contains calculating equations for the energy and economic index of solar systems
The years 2006 and 2007 mark a dramatic change of peoples view regarding c- mate change and energy consumption. The new IPCC report makes clear that - mankind plays a dominant role on climate change due to CO emissions from en- 2 ergy consumption, and that a significant reduction in CO emissions is necessary 2 within decades. At the same time, the supply of fossil energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gas becomes less reliable. In spring 2008, the oil price rose beyond 100 $/barrel for the first time in history. It is commonly accepted today that we have to reduce the use of fossil fuels to cut down the dependency on the supply countries and to reduce CO emissions. The use of renewable energy sources and 2 increased energy efficiency are the main strategies to achieve this goal. In both strategies, heat and cold storage will play an important role. People use energy in different forms, as heat, as mechanical energy, and as light. With the discovery of fire, humankind was the first time able to supply heat and light when needed. About 2000 years ago, the Romans started to use ceramic tiles to store heat in under floor heating systems. Even when the fire was out, the room stayed warm. Since ancient times, people also know how to cool food with ice as cold storage.