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Work has continued on improvement of microstrip phased-array antenna technology since the first microstrip phased-array was flight-tested during the FAA 1974-1975 ATS-6 test program. The present development has extended this earlier work in three areas: the microstrip radiating elements, the array configuration, and the control circuitry. The effort has been successful in developing important new phased-array techniques. These techniques were demonstrated with working hardware, but a complete array was not within the scope of the program. Radiating elements with broad beamwidths were required to permit steering the array to angles near endfire. The most significant improvement was the development of a microstrip crossed-slot element. Dual-band or broad-band elements were developed to permit operation in both the receive and transmit bands. Several approaches were experimented with, the most promising of which was the use of stacked crossed-slot elements. This achieves broad beamwidth and dual-band operation in a compact device. Static arrays for end-fire operation were investigated, and a 4x4 array demonstrated promise for this application. Several phase shifters were developed; the three-bit switched-line phase shifters gave excellent performance.
Compact microstrip antennas are of great importance in meeting the miniaturization requirements of modern portable communications equipment This book is a comprehensive treatment of design techniques and test data for current compact and broadband microstrip designs Summarizes the work of the author and his graduate students who have published over 80 refereed journal articles on the subject in the past few years Advanced designs reported by various other prestigious antenna designers are incorporated as well
This report describes the application of microstrip antenna technology to the design of general aviation (G/A) aircraft antennas for use with the Global Positioning System (GPS). For most G/A aircraft, only single frequency operation will be required. However, air-carrier and some large corporate aircraft may make use of dual-frequency operation. For this reason, some dual-frequency designs have been investigated. The main effort was given to the design of antennas with broad beamwidths which could be switched or steered to compensate for aircraft maneuvers, with the goal of maintaining near-hemispherical carriage in flight. A hybrid microstrip crossed-slot and sleeve-dipole element used with a suitable combining network gives a suitable, controllable broad-beam pattern. This element and its performance are described. In addition, radiation patterns are presented using scale-model aircraft and simple crossed-slot antennas. (Author).
This book focuses on new techniques, analysis, applications and future trends of microstrip and printed antenna technologies, with particular emphasis to recent advances from the last decade Attention is given to fundamental concepts and techniques, their practical applications and the future scope of developments. Several topics, essayed as individual chapters include reconfigurable antenna, ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna, reflectarrays, antennas for RFID systems and also those for body area networks. Also included are antennas using metamaterials and defected ground structures (DGSs). Essential aspects including advanced design, analysis and optimization techniques based on the recent developments have also been addressed. Key Features: Addresses emerging hot topics of research and applications in microstrip and printed antennas Considers the fundamental concepts, techniques, applications and future scope of such technologies Discusses modern applications such as wireless base station to mobile handset, satellite earth station to airborne communication systems, radio frequency identification (RFID) to body area networks, etc. Contributions from highly regarded experts and pioneers from the US, Europe and Asia This book provides a reference for R&D researchers, professors, practicing engineers, and scientists working in these fields. Graduate students studying/working on related subjects will find this book as a comprehensive literature for understanding the present and future trends in microstrip and printed antennas.
In the past few years, the concept of creating microwave antennas using microstrip has attracted increasing attention and viable practical designs are now emerging. The purpose of this monograph is to present the reader with an appreciation of the underlying physical action, up-to-date theoretical treatments, useful antenna design approaches and the overall state-of-the-art situation. The emphasis is on antenna engineering design, but to achieve this goal it has been necessary to delve into the behaviour of microstrip in a much wider sense and also include aspects of electromagnetic analysis. As a consequence, the monograph will also be of interest to microstrip circuit designers and to some extent those seeking electromagnetic problems of a challenging nature. The astronomical progress in miniaturising and integrating electronic circuits in the past decade has recently crerated a positive demand for a new generation of antenna systems. In principle, microstrip antennas are thin planar configurations that are leightweight, low cost, easy to manufacture and can be made conformal with the surfaces of vehicles, missiles etc. The compatibility of microstrip antennas with integrated electronics is another great advantage. However, the microstrip wavetrapping effects inhibit the radiation mechanism and must be taken into account in antenna design. Wave-trapping effects in substrates involve the study of surface waves and discontinuities in open waveguide structures. The microstrip antenna designer must therefore encompass many more effects than previously considered by microstrip circuit designers. It is for these reasons that the scope of this monograph is necessarily somewhat wider than the title may suggest. The ten chapters are a blend of introductory, practical and theoretical treatments and likely future developments are also highlighted. A good selection of past and current references are given and each chapter concludes with a helpful summary comment.
The book discusses basic and advanced concepts of microstrip antennas, including design procedure and recent applications. Book topics include discussion of arrays, spectral domain, high Tc superconducting microstrip antennas, optimization, multiband, dual and circular polarization, microstrip to waveguide transitions, and improving bandwidth and resonance frequency. Antenna synthesis, materials, microstrip circuits, spectral domain, waveform evaluation, aperture coupled antenna geometry and miniaturization are further book topics. Planar UWB antennas are widely covered and new dual polarized UWB antennas are newly introduced. Design of UWB antennas with single or multi notch bands are also considered. Recent applications such as, cognitive radio, reconfigurable antennas, wearable antennas, and flexible antennas are presented. The book audience will be comprised of electrical and computer engineers and other scientists well versed in microstrip antenna technology.