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First published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Before the latest EU enlargement substantial changes in the integration process were predicted as a result of the accession of 10 new member states, with some forecasting cataclysmic consequences. This book, the first ex post assessment of EU enlargement, provides evidence to the contrary, while also providing examples in which the new members have been able to influence the EU policy output with their liberal attitudes on economic and social policy.
This book addresses the important issue of food prices across EU Member States. Although recent attention has focused on events in world commodity markets following the spikes in world prices in 2007-2008 and 2011, there has been comparatively little attention addressing food price dynamics at the retail level. This volume addresses the characteristics of retail food price behaviour and the nature and drivers of price transmission across the EU. There are several inter-related features of the research reported here. First, the volume reports the characteristics of retail food inflation across the EU and the extent to which it differs from non-food inflation. Second, given the different experience of food inflation across EU Member States, it details the process of price transmission as shocks from upstream and world markets are passed through the food sector to the retail stage. Third, it addresses how the extent and nature of price transmission is determined by various aspects of competition throughout the domestic food sector and how the nature of vertical contracting between stages can determine the price transmission process. Finally, it outlines the potential of high-frequency, product-specific scanner data to address price dynamics and adjustment issues and how scanner data can also be used to measure food price inflation. The book will be of interest to researchers on price transmission and competition issues in the EU and, given the wider interest on these issues coupled with the novel use of scanner data, to researchers further afield. The contributions will also be of interest to policymakers and stakeholders as they seek to make sense of, and to address, regulation issues as they relate to the food sector.
There is a growing policy trend that in addressing climate change, various trade measures must be implemented to enhance the sustainable practices of global stakeholders. As a response to level up the playing field of global trade partners in enhancing sustainability, the EU recently introduced the European Union (EU) Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which will impose a carbon price on certain imports, namely, electricity, aluminium, cement, iron and steel, and fertilizer, to the EU. The EU CBAM may, however, cause trade disputes among World Trade Organization (WTO) members. EU and ASEAN trade relations are currently on an upswing trajectory, and there are therefore some risks involved in implementing the EU CBAM in the ASEAN region. At the same time, despite the perceived adverse effects, there is room for improvement in communicating EU CBAM implementation in ASEAN. The EU should introduce more calibrated approaches to implementing the EU CBAM in ASEAN, particularly considering the political and strategic risks, economic development and capacity, and climate ambitions of individual ASEAN countries.
Structural vector autoregressions are used to analyze the relationship between real output and relative prices within the EU and the United States, Relative price variability appears to be more important for adjustment within the EU than the United States, reflecting the lower integration of goods and factor markets. In the absence of higher market integration, the lower relative price variability implied by the introduction of a single currency in the EU could well cause significant economic disruption.
This volume argues that the crisis of the European Union is not merely a fiscal crisis but reveals and amplifies deeper flaws in the structure of the EU itself. It is a multidimensional crisis of the economic, legal and political cornerstones of European integration and marks the end of the technocratic mode of integration which has been dominant since the 1950s. The EU has a weak political and administrative centre, relies excessively on governance by law, is challenged by increasing heterogeneity and displays increasingly interlocked levels of government. During the crisis, it has become more and more asymmetrical and has intervened massively in domestic economic and legal systems. A team of economists, lawyers, philosophers and political scientists analyse these deeper dimensions of the European crisis from a broader theoretical perspective with a view towards contributing to a better understanding and shaping the trajectory of the EU.
Contains the 4th session of the 28th Parliament through the session of the Parliament.
Certified sleep consultant Natalie Willes, known also as The Baby Sleep Trainer, shares her effective and efficient sleep training method in her new book, Getting Your Baby to Sleep the Baby Sleep Trainer Way. Thousands of families throughout the world have used the Baby Sleep Trainer method to help their infants and toddlers learn to sleep through the night and take healthy naps, all with the fewest tears possible. Backed by thorough scientific data and years of professional experience, the Baby Sleep Trainer Method offers parents a tried and true solution for children aged 16 weeks through 3.5 years. Step-by-step, comprehensive contents include: The science of baby sleep habits How to prepare your child's room for optimal sleep Discussions on cortisol and crying in babies Creating healthy sleep habits with newborns Exactly when and how to start sleep training for nighttime sleep and naps Tips and tricks for multiples Troubleshooting common sleep training issues and pitfalls Detailed eat-wake-sleep schedules for children on 3, 2, and 1 nap Sleep training toddlers and children in beds Praise for the Baby Sleep Trainer method: "My 5 month old was waking up every 2-3 hours at night and I was seriously sleep deprived. My sleep deprivation was affecting every aspect of my life. I read several books on sleep training, as well as blogs and websites. I was at my wits end. After following the program for two weeks, my child was consistently sleeping 11-12 hours a night and was on a consistent schedule during the day! This program has literally given me my life back." - McKel Neilsen "Two months ago I was at the end of my sleep rope with our 6-month-old, boy/girl twins. Exhausted doesn't begin to explain it, I felt desperate. After using the Baby Sleep Trainer Method we feel like we have our lives back. The babies are happy and well rested, and so are we! We have our evenings back to cook dinner, spend time with our 4-year-old daughter, hang out together, and actually do things we enjoy. The process took commitment but has been absolutely worth every bit of it." - Beth Oller, MD "Using the Baby Sleep Trainer Method, my daughter quickly went to a routine nap schedule during the day and sleeping through the night from 6:30pm to 6:30am! Also, rather than the exhausting and often unsuccessful rocking or soothing or feeding to sleep, we were able to put her down awake in her crib and she would fall asleep on her own in just a few minutes. It was just incredible." - Online Review