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Actuarial Aspects of Individual Life Insurance and Annuity Contracts provides a comprehensive overview of the features and financial aspects of traditional, indexed, and variable products and their related rider benefits. Product development, pricing, financial reporting methods, and regulatory requirements are addressed for all products, including those with derivative-based guarantees. This provides an introduction to actuarial techniques and the relationships among various financial values for the student and provides a comprehensive summary of current practices on more recent products for the experienced actuary. Spreadsheets are available on the ACTEX website to demonstrate profit testing alternatives.
Life insurance and life annuities are about cash flows, the time value of money, and the randomness of policyholders' death time. This book intends to present the actuarial model as a combination of these three factors. It also describes how to set premiums and reserves for those insurance products.
This book is different from all other books on Life Insurance by at least one of the following characteristics 1-4. 1. The treatment of life insurances at three different levels: time-capital, present value and price level. We call time-capital any distribution of a capital over time: (*) is the time-capital with amounts Cl, ~, ... , C at moments Tl, T , ..• , T resp. N 2 N For instance, let (x) be a life at instant 0 with future lifetime X. Then the whole oO oO life insurance A is the time-capital (I,X). The whole life annuity ä is the x x time-capital (1,0) + (1,1) + (1,2) + ... + (I,'X), where 'X is the integer part ofX. The present value at 0 of time-capital (*) is the random variable T1 T TN Cl V + ~ v , + ... + CNV . (**) In particular, the present value ofA 00 and ä 00 is x x 0 0 2 A = ~ and ä = 1 + v + v + ... + v'X resp. x x The price (or premium) of a time-capital is the expectation of its present value. In particular, the price ofA 00 and äx 00 is x 2 A = E(~) and ä = E(I + v + v + ... + v'X) resp.