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The treatment of contaminated soil presents a significant technical problem. Soil-washing and chemical-extraction methods have proven to be effective for specific applications, but a process with more comprehensive treatment properties that is both cost-effective and environmentally propitious is needed. Bradtec, Inc., has developed a process, the ACT*DE*CON{sup SM} process, that has been tested on soil contaminated with plutonium. The process effectively extracted Pu-238 after three washes, reducing the contamination levels from approximately 20 Bq/g to 1.6--1.9 Bq/g and yielding a decontamination factor ranging from 11 to 13. By using four or more ACT*DE*CON{sup SM} washes or a continuous-flow process with ACT*DE*CON{sup SM} solvents on a pilot-scale test, a target decontamination level of 0.93 Bq/g might be achievable.
Plutonium metal was found to dissolve readily in sulfamic acid and in mixtures of sulfamic and nitric acid. This method of dissolution is convenient in a plant process for the recovery of off-standard metal.