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Recent reform efforts have yielded positive results in improving reading achievement for the nation?s children in the primary grades, but many children are not moving beyond basic "decoding" skills even as they advance to the fourth grade and classes in history, mathematics and science. This is especially troubling since adolescents are facing a post-secondary job market that demands high levels of literacy skills.In an effort to focus national attention on the problem of adolescent literacy, the Carnegie Corporation of New York launched a new initiative, Advancing Literacy: Reading to Learn. Carnegie?s objective is to advance adolescent literacy, which encompasses reading and writing in grades 4?12, by promoting policy, practice, and research in this field. As a first step, Carnegie asked the RAND Corporation to convene a small study group for one year to lay the foundation for the work of a larger Advisory Council and to undertake a study examining the state of adolescent literacy achievement in the nation. Our analysis focused on three research questions: 1. To what extent are adolescents (defined as students in the 4th through 12th grades) meeting state literacy goals, as measured by state assessments? 2. To what extent are adolescents meeting national literacy goals, as measured by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)? 3. To what extent are the results from state assessments and the NAEP consistent with one another?
Annotation. Recent reform efforts have yielded positive results in improving reading achievement for the nation?s children in the primary grades, but many children are not moving beyond basic "decoding" skills even as they advance to the fourth grade and classes in history, mathematics and science. This is especially troubling since adolescents are facing a post-secondary job market that demands high levels of literacy skills. In an effort to focus national attention on the problem of adolescent literacy, the Carnegie Corporation of New York launched a new initiative, Advancing Literacy: Reading to Learn. Carnegie?s objective is to advance adolescent literacy, which encompasses reading and writing in grades 4?12, by promoting policy, practice, and research in this field. As a first step, Carnegie asked the RAND Corporation to convene a small study group for one year to lay the foundation for the work of a larger Advisory Council and to undertake a study examining the state of adolescent literacy achievement in the nation. Our analysis focused on three research questions: 1. To what extent are adolescents (defined as students in the 4th through 12th grades) meeting state literacy goals, as measured by state assessments? 2. To what extent are adolescents meeting national literacy goals, as measured by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)? 3. To what extent are the results from state assessments and the NAEP consistent with one another?
Goal 5 of the National Education Goals states that by the year 2000 every adult American will be literate and possess knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global economy. An in-depth review of current research and literature on issues related to adult literacy and lifelong learning was conducted. The review focused on the following issues related to literacy and lifelong learning: the school-to-work transition; opportunities for training in the skills needed to adapt to emerging technologies, work methods, and markets; programs to meet the needs of part-time and midcareer students; projected increases in enrollments in college programs; and outcomes of college education related to critical thinking, effective communication, and problem solving. The following are among the major findings of research in these areas: (1) more adults are completing more years of education, and this trend will likely continue into the next century; (2) increasingly, adults are learning at all ages and in settings that vary widely with respect to degree of formality and organization; (3) technological advances are providing adults with more opportunities and options for controlling timing and setting of learning and are enabling postsecondary students to balance their time between work and education; and (4) ever-changing work environments require recurrent education. The literature review also revealed that there is little consensus on the definition of literacy and on what constitutes knowledge for citizenship and curricular areas likely to contribute to good citizenship. (Contains 92 references.) (MN)
This is the central document of the fourth series of annual reports to measure progress toward the National Education Goals through the year 2000; goals which set high expectations for education performance at every stage of a learner's life, from preschool through adulthood. The report focuses on 16 core indicators that are: comprehensive across the Goals; critical in determining whether the Goals are actually achieved; policy-actionable; and updated at frequent intervals. National performance has gotten better in four areas: improved general health and development of infants; increased mathematics achievement in grades 4 and 8; decline in student alcohol use; and a reduction in number of threats and violence in schools. However, one area has gotten worse: student drug use has increased. No discernible changes in national performance were detected in six areas, and in eight areas assessment of progress was not possible because of a lack of data. Sixteen exhibits and six tables summarize what is known of progress to date. Appendix A lists state progress on core indicators. Appendixes B and C contain technical notes and acknowledgements. (SLD)
"A very hands-on approach to helping teachers, parents, students, and the community. Coaches are not only given the theory behind what they do, but also the knowledge of how to implement the research and theory." —Emme Barnes, Literacy Facilitator Hawk Ridge Elementary, Charlotte, NC "This superior text clarifies the responsibilities, qualifications, and capabilities of the coach within and without the school and as a leadership partner." —Connie Molony, Reading-Language Arts Specialist Fargo Public Schools, ND An essential guide to the "what" and the "how" of literacy coaching! Literacy coaches regularly encounter practical and theoretical issues, ranging from decoding national and state coaching requirements to understanding how to work effectively with all students, including those with special needs. This practical guide presents effective coaching strategies and best practices for enhancing literacy instruction and student performance across all grade levels. Ideal for individual or group professional development, this text covers skill requirements for coaching and describes four roles of effective coaches: facilitator, observer, colleague, and learner. Readers will find sample scenarios, advice from recognized literacy experts, and topic extensions for study groups, as well as: Information on NCLB, Reading First, and Reading Next requirements Insight into developing relationships with school administrators Tips for coaching difficult or noncompliant teachers Practical recommendations for first-year coaches A Guide to Literacy Coaching illuminates the many practical strategies literacy coaches, mentors, teacher leaders, and staff developers can use to collaborate with multiple school constituencies to promote teacher development and schoolwide literacy success.
Being literate in an academic discipline is more than being able to read and comprehend text; you can think, speak, and write as a historian, scientist, mathematician, or artist. Author Doug Buehl strips away the one-size-fits-all approach to content area literacy and presents an instructional model for disciplinary literacy, which honors the discipline and helps students learn within that area. In this revised second edition, Developing Readers in the Academic Disciplines shows how to help students adjust their thinking to comprehend a range of complex texts that fall outside their reading comfort zones. Inside you'll find: Instructional tools that adapt generic literacy practices to discipline-specific variations Strategies for frontloading instruction to activate and build background knowledge New approaches for encouraging inquiry around disciplinary texts In-depth exploration of the role of argumentation in informational text Numerous examples from science, mathematics, history and social studies, English/language arts, and related arts to show you what vibrant learning looks like in various classroom settings Designed to be a natural companion to Buehl's Classroom Strategies for Interactive Learning, Developing Readers in the Academic Disciplines introduces teachers from all disciplines to new kinds of thinking and, ultimately, teaching that helps students achieve new levels of understanding.
This document, one of four volumes comprising the 1995 Goals Report, is the fifth in a series of annual reports. This core report for 1995 focuses on approximately two dozen indicators that show the progress made by the United States toward the National Education Goals. National performance has improved in five areas, gotten worse in seven, and, in eight areas, no significant changes in national performance have occurred. Progress has occurred in the areas of student readiness and mathematics achievement; participation in Advanced Placement examinations such as English, mathematics, science, and history; and early prenatal care. However, there has been some decline in the area of providing safe environments conducive to learning. The report focuses on the essential role that families play in helping to achieve the National Education Goals and suggests ways in which schools can involve them in partnerships. State and national progress on the core indicators is presented in detail. Twenty-five figures and eight tables as well as the 1995 National Education Goals Report Questionnaire are included. Appendices contain technical notes and a list of the National Education Goals panel staff. (LMI)
Examine critical studies on high-performing, high-poverty schools to identify how schools can fulfill the mission of educating all students to proficiency, especially students at risk. The authors compiled the most important research on how low-performing, high-poverty schools achieved radical improvements in learning for their most vulnerable students and also identified eight best practices, breaking them down into specific strategies, often using real-life examples from successful schools.